Association between metabolic syndrome and psoriasis: a meta-analysis of observational studies with non-psoriasis control groups

Abstract

Introduction: Psoriasis is a highly prevalent condition that affects the quality of life of affected individuals. Several studies have indicated an association between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the results were inconsistent. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between psoriasis and MS. Material and methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, EBSCO, Elsevier, Springer, Wiley, and Cochrane) were searched systematically for published studies up to November 2, 2018. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the association between psoriasis and MS. The heterogeneity of the study was estimated with the I 2 statistic and analyzed by meta-regression and subgroup analyses. Results: Twenty-two studies with a total of 137,053 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Psoriasis was associated with MS and the combined OR (95% CI) was 2.02 (1.67-2.43). The results showed high heterogeneity (I 2 = 83.60%, p < 0.001) and no publication bias among the included studies (p = 0.119). The source of controls may have influenced the heterogeneity according to the meta-regression. There was no heterogeneity in studies with matched non-psoriasis control groups according to the subgroup analysis. Conclusions: Psoriasis was associated with MS. The source of the control group was an influencing factor on heterogeneity in this study. Treating for MS in patients with psoriasis might improve psoriasis and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Association between metabolic syndrome and prevalent skin diseases: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of case‐control studies

“…Despite the heterogenicity of the studies in the case of psoriasis, our results indicated a strong correlation with MetS. In line with our study, a systematic review with a total of 137,053 participants illustrated that psoriasis was correlated with MetS (combined OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.67−2.43) 61 . Moreover, another systematic meta‐analysis with the Latin American population claimed that psoriasis and MetS are significantly correlated (pooled OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.27−21.42) 62 .…”

“…In line with our study, a systematic review with a total of 137,053 participants illustrated that psoriasis was correlated with MetS (combined OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.67−2.43). 61 Moreover, another systematic meta‐analysis with the Latin American population claimed that psoriasis and MetS are significantly correlated (pooled OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.27−21.42). 62 Further, a higher risk of MetS was detected in patients with chronic and severe forms of psoriasis (pooled OR: 6.65, 95% CI: 3.32−13.31).…”

Psoriasis and medical ramifications: A comprehensive analysis based on observational meta-analyses

“…Psoriasis had an adverse effect on metabolic disease in both adults and children. There were statistically significant associations found between psoriasis and incidence of obesity ( 42 ), diabetes ( 43 ), and metabolic syndrome ( 44 ) in adults. Sincerely, psoriasis also increased the risk of developing overweight ( 30 ), hyperlipidemia ( 30 ), metabolic syndrome ( 30 ), obesity ( 29 ), diabetes, ( 29 ) and dyslipidemia ( 29 ) in children ( Figure 6 ).…”

The Metabolic Syndrome, a Human Disease

“…Similarly, the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids is deeply altered [99,100], but also that of proteins/amino acids [101]. The effects of MS seem to be most crippling on the liver [102][103][104], heart, and vessels [105][106][107][108], as well as the endocrine (such as gonads and adrenals) [109,110] and immune [111,112] systems, but practically every organ and tissue is affected: the brain [113,114], kidneys [108,115], skeletal muscle [116,117], connective tissue [117,118] (adipose [119,120]), lung and respiration [121,122], bone and cartilage [123,124], skin [125,126], including our different microbiota niches [127][128][129]. The degree of intensity of affectation of organs/systems may vary, but the extension of the consequences (i.e., overall endocrine and defense milieu, redox state [130,131], substrate partition [132,133], and handling) affect the whole body.…”