Association between nutrient patterns and serum lipids in Chinese adult women: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract

Aim To investigate the association between patterns of nutrient intake and serum lipids in Chinese women aged 18–80 years. Methods In the present study, cross‐sectional data were analysed from 2886 female participants aged 18–80 years from the China Health and Nutrition Survey wave 2009. Nutrient patterns were identified using factor analysis combined with cluster analysis based on the data of nutrient intake for three consecutive days. Multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate the association of nutrient patterns with serum lipids. Results Four nutrient patterns were identified in Chinese adult women, which were the plant‐based pattern, carbohydrate and animal fat pattern, plant fat and sodium pattern, and the animal‐based pattern. Participants following different patterns varied significantly in sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviours and food consumption. Compared with the plant‐based pattern, the carbohydrate and animal fat pattern was positively associated with low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = 4.57, 95% CI: 0.29–8.85, P = 0.036) and total cholesterol (β = 4.89, 95% CI: 0.34–9.44, P = 0.035). The corresponding rises for the animal‐based pattern were 4.91 (95% CI: 0.99–8.82, P = 0.014) and 4.98 (95% CI: 0.82–9.15, P = 0.019), respectively. Conclusions Nutrient patterns with a high intake of animal fat and a low intake dietary fibre and with high intakes of animal fat, animal protein and cholesterol may increase the serum cholesterol in Chinese women.

The Association between Plant-Based Diet Indices and Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Adults: Longitudinal Analyses from the China Health and Nutrition Survey

“…Our study did not further explore women’s preference for plant-based foods. However, a survey based on CHNS data showed that only 34.3% of Chinese women followed animal-based diets [ 46 ]. In addition, a cross-sectional study from the NutriNet-Santé study found that vegetarians, who were more likely to be female (85.0%), had a balanced diet of macronutrients, and a lower incidence of chronic disease than meat eaters [ 47 ], which may explain the observed protective effect of hPDI scores on MetS in women in our study.…”

Dietary Interventions to Treat Type 2 Diabetes in Adults with a Goal of Remission: An Expert Consensus Statement from the American College of Lifestyle Medicine

“…In terms of long-term adverse effects or potentially worsening other chronic health conditions, dietary patterns that lower the risk of cardiovascular disease are the same dietary patterns (high content of unrefined plant foods with minimal animal products or highly processed foods) that reduce the risk of diabetes, while dietary patterns that are calorie-dense and high in animal foods and saturated fats confer added cardiovascular risk. 52-56…”

“…In terms of long-term adverse effects or potentially worsening other chronic health conditions, dietary patterns that lower the risk of cardiovascular disease are the same dietary patterns (high content of unrefined plant foods with minimal animal products or highly processed foods) that reduce the risk of diabetes, while dietary patterns that are caloriedense and high in animal foods and saturated fats confer added cardiovascular risk. [52][53][54][55][56] Dietary Specifics and Types of Diets Remission of T2D requires a sufficient reduction in absorbed calories to decrease adiposity and insulin resistance. 8,[57][58][59] Studies consistently demonstrate that using liquid meal replacements can significantly reduce energy intake and cause weight loss.…”