Association between obesity and age-related cataract: an updated systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Niazi, Sana; Moshirfar, Majid; Dastjerdi, Mohammad H.; Niazi, Feizollah; Doroodgar, Farideh; Ambrósio, Renato

doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1215212

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Interestingly, an updated systematic review and metaanalysis revealed an association between obesity (defined by BMI) and increased risk of SC, posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC), and cortical cataract in adults. Nevertheless, such a positive association did not exist for nuclear cataract [41] . Previous studies have also investigated the genetic association of the obesity gene SNP with SC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Appetitive Lifestyles and Obesity with Risk of Senile Cataract: An Univariable and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study

Cao,

Wang,

Chu

et al. 2024

Clin Mol Epidemiol

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Objective: To estimate the causal effects of appetitive lifestyles (cigarette smoking, alcohol use, coffee consumption) and obesity on risk of senile cataract (SC) using genetically based approaches. Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms selected to be instrumental variables for exposures were identified at the level of genome-wide significance (P<5×10-8) from genome-wide association studies. Summary-level genetic statistics for SC was derived from the FinnGen consortium. Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) with inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as main analysis were performed. Directional pleiotropy and heterogeneity were tested. Results: For univariable MR, genetically determined predisposition to smoking initiation was associated with elevated risk of SC (IVW odds ratio (OR))=1.1241, 95% confidence interval (CI) (CI: 1.0240-1.2339, P=0.0140). Also, genetically predicted higher coffee consumption and body mass index (BMI) was associated with increased risk of SC (IVW OR=1.0050, 95% CI: 1.0012-1.0088, P=0.0101; IVW OR=1.1925, 95% CI: 1.0954-1.2982, P=4.8099×10-5, respectively). For multivariable MR, genetically predicted higher BMI still exerted a causal effect on SC risk (IVW OR=1.1712, 95% CI: 1.0786-1.2717, P<0.001). Nevertheless, the associations of smoking initiation and coffee consumption with SC risk disappeared. No directional pleiotropy was detected in both univariable and multivariable MR. Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence for an adverse effect of higher BMI on SC risk, while no evidence supporting independent causal associations of appetitive lifestyles with SC risk. Improving the management of obesity may serve as a useful strategy protecting against SC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Appetitive Lifestyles and Obesity with Risk of Senile Cataract: An Univariable and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study

Cao,

Wang,

Chu

et al. 2024

Clin Mol Epidemiol

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“…In conclusion, there is evidence from the literature that obesity, defined by BMI, is associated with an increased risk of age-related cataracts and posterior subcapsular and cortical cataracts in adults [ 28 ].…”

Section: Obesity and Eye Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, body fat distribution and eye diseases

Bosello,

Vanzo,

Zaffalon

et al. 2024

Eat Weight Disord

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Background The prevalence of obesity, a chronic disease, is increasing, and obesity is now considered a global epidemic. Eye diseases are also increasing worldwide and have serious repercussions on quality of life as well as increasingly high costs for the community. The relationships between obesity and ocular pathologies are not yet well clarified and are not pathologically homogeneous: they seem to be somehow linked to excess body fat, especially to the distribution of adipose tissue and its ectopic deposits. Purpose Our objective was to examine the associations between obesity and anthropometric indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and the waist/hip ratio (WHR), and the risk of most widespread eye diseases, with particular attention given to the most significant metabolic mechanisms. Methods This article provides a narrative overview of the effect of obesity and anthropometric measurements of body fat on prevalent eye diseases. We used the MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from 1984 to 2024. In addition, we hand-searched references from the retrieved articles and explored a number of related websites. A total of 153 publications were considered. Results There is significant evidence that obesity is associated with several eye diseases. Waist circumference (WC) and the waist/hip ratio (WHR) have been observed to have stronger positive associations with eye diseases than BMI. Conclusions Obesity must be considered a significant risk factor for eye diseases; hence, a multidisciplinary and multidimensional approach to treating obesity, which also affects ocular health, is important. In the prevention and treatment of eye diseases related to obesity, lifestyle factors, especially diet and physical activity, as well as weight changes, both weight loss and weight gain, should not be overlooked. Level of evidence Level V narrative review.

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“…At a systemic level, higher BMI is linked to a greater risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and sleep apnea ( 7 , 8 ). Locally, when focusing on the eyes, higher BMI is also significantly associated with age-related cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy ( 9 , 10 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the causal relationship between body mass index and keratoconus: a Mendelian randomization study

Wang,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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BackgroundDespite reports suggesting a link between obesity and keratoconus, the causal relationship is not fully understood.MethodsWe used genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from public databases for a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal link between body mass index (BMI) and keratoconus. The primary method was inverse variance weighted (IVW), complemented by different analytical techniques and sensitivity analyses to ensure result robustness. A meta-analysis was also performed to bolster the findings’ reliability.ResultsOur study identified a significant causal relationship between BMI and keratoconus. Out of 20 Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses conducted, 9 showed heterogeneity or pleiotropy. Among the 11 analyses that met all three MR assumptions, 4 demonstrated a significant causal difference between BMI and keratoconus, while the remaining 7 showed a positive trend but were not statistically significant. Meta-analysis confirmed a significant causal relationship between BMI and keratoconus.ConclusionThere is a significant causal relationship between BMI and keratoconus, suggesting that obesity may be a risk factor for keratoconus.

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Association between obesity and age-related cataract: an updated systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Cited by 3 publications

References 66 publications

Appetitive Lifestyles and Obesity with Risk of Senile Cataract: An Univariable and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study

Appetitive Lifestyles and Obesity with Risk of Senile Cataract: An Univariable and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study

Obesity, body fat distribution and eye diseases

Exploring the causal relationship between body mass index and keratoconus: a Mendelian randomization study

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