Association between obesity and depressive symptoms among U.S. Military active duty service personnel, 2002

Kress, Amii M.; Peterson, Michael R.; Hartzell, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.08.011

Cited by 62 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…In contrast, the high prevalence of mental illness in the underweight as compared with the other BMI categories did not persist in the multivariate models. However, earlier reports of greater depression in the underweight (Kress et al, 2006) and further investigation with datasets that contain better mental health measures is also warranted. We acknowledge that the use of just BMI to classify people as underweight is a limitation, and while there are other measures of body composition, underweight is currently only defined by BMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, we have not been able to identify any studies that have examined a wider array of physiological disease markers across all the BMI categories. Outside of cardiovascular disease, other health indicators also have a J-or U-shaped association with BMI, namely: depression (Kress et al, 2006;LaCousiere et al, 2006), disability and arthritis (Okoro et al, 2004) and self-reported health (Jonsson et al, 2002;Heo et al, 2003;Groessl et al, 2004;Ali and Lindstrom, 2005). Self-reported health status has been shown to have a significant contribution from mental health (Kelly, 2003), suggesting that some of the increased mortality for the underweight may be due to mental health problems, but we were not able to identify, from our review of literature, any potential mechanisms for this identified association.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations of morbidity in the underweight

2010

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Background/Objectives: There is little research on the demographic characteristics and morbidity of people categorized as 'underweight' from their body mass index (BMI) although they have often been shown to have greater mortality. This uncertainty makes it difficult to determine whether to include or exclude these individuals when estimating the health and mortality impacts of BMI. This project compares the demographic characteristics and morbidity patterns of the underweight with those of acceptable weight and the overweight. Subjects/Methods: Data on 10 243 community-living residents from the Health Survey for England (2003) were used. Logistic regression models were constructed to compare demographic, biochemical and anthropometric factors in the underweight (BMIo18.5) with those classified as acceptable weight (BMI 18.5-24.9) or overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9). Results: Univariate analyses found, when compared with other BMI categories, underweight individuals were significantly younger, more likely to smoke, alcohol abstainers, inactive, poorer and were less likely to be ethnically white (all Po0.001). U-shaped relationships between BMI and activities of daily living, respiratory disease, physical activity and mental health variables were seen. In multivariate analysis, the fewest number of significant differences in demographic and morbidity factors were between the underweight and those of acceptable weight. Conclusions: We recognize that these are cross-sectional data and exclude individuals in institutional settings, but these findings are important. Overall, we could not conclude that the underweight were less healthy than individuals in the other BMI categories. We cannot therefore recommend that the underweight should be excluded from analyses that examine the effects of obesity on mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of morbidity in the underweight

2010

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“…Such findings were corroborated by data from the US Medical Surveillance Monthly Report for January 2009 [3], indicating that 23% and 16% of US Service members diagnosed with overweight or obesity in 2008 had at least one medical encounter for a joint and back pain disorder, and that these conditions were among the leading causes of health care costs and lost duty time. Whilst the financial connotations of obesity are clearly important, the psychological and physiological impact to service personnel may have wider occupational implications due to the association between obesity and depressive symptoms [9], post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) [10], cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and neuromuscular fitness [11], heat stress [12], sleep apnoea [13], and load carriage [14,15]. Several investigations into load carriage within military populations have observed that 'load carriage' ability was reduced in 'over-fat' military personnel [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlates and Treatment of Obesity in Military Populations: A Systematic Review

Sanderson

Clemes

Biddle³

2011

Obes Facts

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Objective: The emergence of obesity as a distinct disease could have far reaching consequences for an organisation where optimum health and physical fitness are required for personnel to perform their occupational roles effectively. The objectives of this paper are to systematically review the literature concerning correlates and treatment of obesity in military populations. Methods: Through computerised searches of English language studies, 17 papers were identified (treatment (13), correlates (4)). Results: Successful treatment interventions incorporated exercise, healthy eating information, behavioural modification, self-monitoring, relapse prevention, and structured follow-up and were supported by trained personnel. Efficacy due to physical activity was underreported. Reduction in body fat rather than body weight was the most significant outcome. The major significant correlates of obesity were being enlisted personnel, male, ≧35 years of age, African-American/Hispanic ethnicity, and married (with spouse present). Conclusion: This systematic review highlights the deficit in knowledge concerning treatment and the lack of engagement in relation to the specific correlates of obesity in military populations.

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“…This chronic disorder predisposes not only to debilitating diseases (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, musculoskeletal disease, and coronary heart disease) but also to serious impairments in quality of life [1] and increased rates of psychiatric and psychosomatic disorders (e.g., Refs. [2][3][4][5][6]). Therefore, there is a special need for effective treatment programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%