Association between Parent and Child Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intakes: Aomori Prefectural Health and Nutrition Survey, 2016

Koyama, Tatsuya; Yoshiike, Nobuo

doi:10.3390/nu11061414

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Our results showed an Na intake of 1512 mg/day and a K intake of 1616 mg/day for pre-schoolchildren. In Mexicans, the amount of Na is high for the age, however, the Japanese population (2300 mg) [51], Polish (1220 mg) [52], and Australian (3400 mg) [53] consume more Na. For K intake, it is higher in Japan (1700 mg) [51] and lower in Poland (947 mg) [52] and Australia (1119 mg) [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intake: Data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2016

et al. 2022

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Population studies have demonstrated an association between sodium and potassium intake and blood pressure levels and lipids. The aim of this study was to describe the dietary intake and contribution of sodium and potassium to the Mexican diet, and to describe its association with nutrition status and clinical characteristics. We analyzed a national survey with 4219 participants. Dietary information was obtained with a 24-h recall. Foods and beverages were classified according to level of processing. The mean intake (mg/d) of Na was 1512 in preschool children, 2844 in school-age children, 3743 in adolescents, and 3132 in adults. The mean intake (mg/d) of K was 1616 in preschool children, 2256 in school-age children, 2967 in adolescents, and 3401 in adults. Processed and ultra-processed foods (UPF) contribute 49% of Na intake in preschool children, 50% in school-age children, 47% in adolescents, and 39% in adults. Adults with high Na intake had lower serum concentrations of cholesterol, HDL-c, and LDL-c. A significant proportion of the Mexican population has a high intake of Na (64–82%) and low K (58–73%). Strategies to reduce Na and increase K intake need to reduce the possibility of having high BP and serum lipid disturbances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intake: Data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2016

et al. 2022

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“…Our results showed a consumption of Na 1 mg/day and K 1 616 mg /day for preschoolchildren. In Mexicans the amount of Na is high for the age, however, the Japanese population (2 300 mg) [51], Poland (1 220 mg) [52] and Australia (3 400 mg) [53] consume more Na. For K consumption, it is higher in Japan (1 700 mg) [51] and lower in Poland (947 mg) [52] and Australia (1 119 mg) [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Mexicans the amount of Na is high for the age, however, the Japanese population (2 300 mg) [51], Poland (1 220 mg) [52] and Australia (3 400 mg) [53] consume more Na. For K consumption, it is higher in Japan (1 700 mg) [51] and lower in Poland (947 mg) [52] and Australia (1 119 mg) [53]. This may be due to cultural differences between countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intake: Data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2016

Vargas-Meza¹,

Cervantes-Armenta²,

Campos-Nonato³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Population studies have demonstrated an association between sodium (Na) and po-tassium (K) intake and levels of blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol. The aim of this study was to describe the dietary intake and distribution of Na and K in Mexicans, and their as-sociation with metabolic risk outcomes. We analyzed a national survey that included 4,219 participants. Dietary information was obtained through a 24-hour recall. Foods and beverages were classified based on the degree of processing. BP and biomarkers in blood and urine were measured. The mean intake (mg/d) of Na was 1512 in pre-schoolchildren, 2844 in schoolchildren, 3743 in adolescents, and 3132 in adults. The mean intake of K was 1616 in pre-schoolchildren, 2256 in schoolchildren, 2967 in adolescents, and 3401 in adults. Processed and ultra-processed foods (UPF) contribute to sodium intake: 49% in preschool and schoolchildren, 47% in adolescents, and 39% in adults. Adults in the fourth quartile of sodium intake had lower serum concentrations of cholesterol (181.4 mg/dL) and HDL-c (35.5 mg/dL). The Mexican population has high Na and low K intakes. There is a relationship between Na sodium consumption and cholesterol, and LDL levels. UPF contributes to almost 40% of the sodium consumed by Mexicans.

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“…However, some studies showed strong resemblance. Koyama et al reported a mother–child correlation of 0.6 in daily total sodium intake and 0.41 in potassium intake in families with children aged 7–14, which might be overestimated by the household dietary record method [ 10 ]. The present study using 24-h urine measurements showed small-to-moderate correlations increasing from 0.1 to 0.3 in the rank of sodium, potassium and sodium-to-potassium ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous reports showing high sodium and low potassium intake among children deserve further investigation as the dietary intake of children would be largely affected by their upbringing environments. It was also reported that the sodium and potassium intake of children is not only correlated with their families, but also related to the children’s blood pressure, which may have a long-lasting effect on the health of these children [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. However, many of these studies seldom used 24-h urine collection for measurement of sodium and potassium intake, which is regarded as the most accurate method for sodium and potassium assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium and Potassium Excretion of Schoolchildren and Relationship with Their Family Excretion in China

Sun

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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This cross-sectional study aimed to assess 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion in children and the relationships with their family excretion. Using the baseline data of a randomized trial conducted in three cities of China in 2018, a total of 590 children (mean age 8.6 ± 0.4 years) and 1180 adults (mean age 45.8 ± 12.9 years) from 592 families had one or two complete 24-h urine collections. The average sodium, potassium excretion and sodium-to-potassium molar ratio of children were 2180.9 ± 787.1 mg/d (equivalent to 5.5 ± 2.0 g/d of salt), 955.6 ± 310.1 mg/d and 4.2 ± 1.7 respectively, with 77.1% of the participants exceeding the sodium recommendation and 100% below the proposed potassium intake. In mixed models adjusting for confounders, every 1 mg/d increase in sodium excretion of adult family members was associated with a 0.11 mg/d (95% CI: 0.06 to 0.16, p < 0.0001) increase in sodium excretion of children. The family-child regression coefficient corresponds to 0.20 mg/d (95% CI: 0.15 to 0.26, p < 0.0001) per 1 mg/d in potassium and to 0.36 (95% CI: 0.26 to 0.45, p < 0.0001) in sodium-to-potassium molar ratio. Children in China are consuming too much sodium and significantly inadequate potassium. The sodium, potassium excretion and sodium-to-potassium ratio of children are associated with their family excretions in small to moderate extent. Efforts are warranted to support salt reduction and potassium enhancement in children through comprehensive strategies engaging with families, schools and food environments.

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Association between Parent and Child Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intakes: Aomori Prefectural Health and Nutrition Survey, 2016

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intake: Data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2016

Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intake: Data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2016

Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intake: Data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2016

Sodium and Potassium Excretion of Schoolchildren and Relationship with Their Family Excretion in China

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