Association between parental absence during childhood and depressive symptoms in adulthood in rural Vietnam

Inoue, Yosuke; Fukunaga, Ami; Stickley, Andrew; Yazawa, Aki; Pham, Thuy Thi Phuong; Nguyen, Chau Que; Hoang, Dong Van; Shresta, Rachana Manandhar; Phan, Danh Cong; Hachiya, Masahiko; Huynh, Dong Van; Le, Huy Xuan; Thai, Hung; Mizoue, Tetsuya

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.102

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This supposition was supported by Brown et al [28], who showed a significant association between ACEs and an increased risk of premature mortality among 17,337 adults in the United States. However, it should be reminded that these interpretations are not in line with our previous finding that parental absence in childhood was significantly associated with adulthood depressive symptoms among the same participants as in this study [20]. More specifically, those who experienced parental absence at 3 -< 15 years old and before 3 years old were 1.21 times and 1.41 times more likely to have depressive symptoms, respectively.…”

Section: Plos Onecontrasting

confidence: 94%

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Association between parental absence during childhood and metabolic syndrome during adulthood: A cross-sectional study in rural Khanh Hoa, Vietnam

Shrestha¹,

Mizoue²,

Pham³

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Background This study aimed to determine the association between parental absence during childhood and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adulthood among middle-aged adults in rural Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam. Given that broader literature on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) suggests a strong positive association between ACEs and cardiometabolic risk or diseases, we hypothesized that parental absence during childhood, which is a major component of ACEs, is more likely to cause MetS in adulthood. Methods Data were obtained from the baseline survey of the Khanh Hoa Cardiovascular Study, in which 3000 residents aged between 40 to 60 years participated. MetS was assessed using the modified Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria. It was considered parental absence if the participants had experienced parental absence due to death, divorce, or out-migration before three or between three to 15 years. We used multiple logistic regression analyses to examine the association between parental absence during childhood and metabolic syndrome during adulthood. Results There was no significant association between parental absence and MetS; adjusted odds ratio [AOR] was 0.97 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.76–1.22) for those who experienced parental absence between three to 15 years and the corresponding figure for those who experienced it before three years was 0.93 (95% CI = 0.72–1.20). No significant associations were observed when these were examined for the causes of parental absence. Conclusion This study did not support our hypothesis of an association between parental absence during childhood and metabolic syndrome during adulthood. Parental absence may not be a predictor of MetS among Vietnamese people in rural communities.

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Section: Plos Onecontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…The baseline survey of the KHCS was conducted between June 2019 and 2020. The detailed information of the survey is available in our previous studies by Inoue et al [20] and Chau et al [21].…”

Section: Study Design and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between parental absence during childhood and metabolic syndrome during adulthood: A cross-sectional study in rural Khanh Hoa, Vietnam

Shrestha¹,

Mizoue²,

Pham³

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…With respect to the family dimension, several studies have shown the association between absence of parents and different health outcomes, among them one finds cognitive development loss [68,69], impacts on mental health [70,71], and early development of risk behavior for health, such as smoking and alcohol abuse [72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The healthcare dimension is timely, given the accelerated population aging in the country and abroad, a fact that demands healthcare services’ reorganization to continuously fulfill population needs, in an organized way, based on quality and safety. With respect to the family dimension, several studies have shown the association between absence of parents and different health outcomes, among them one finds cognitive development loss [68,69], impacts on mental health [70,71], and early development of risk behavior for health, such as smoking and alcohol abuse [72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Vulnerability Scale: evidence of content and internal structure validity

Souza

Eshriqui

Rebustini

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introductionterritory view based on families’ vulnerability strata allows identifying different health needs that, in their turn, can guide healthcare at primary care scope. Although there are instruments aimed at measuring family vulnerability, they still need robust validity evidences; therefore, they represent a limitation for usability in a country showing multiple socioeconomic and cultural realities, such as Brazil. The present study introduces the development and search for evidences about the validity of the Family Vulnerability Scale for Brazil, known as EVFAM-BR.Methodsitems were generated through exploratory qualitative study carried out with 123 professionals. Collected data subsidized the generation of 92 initial items that were subjected to a panel of multi-regional and multi-disciplinary judges (n = 73) to calculate the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) – this process resulted in a version of the scale comprising 38 items. Subsequently, it was applied to 1,255 individuals to find evidences about the internal-structure validity by using the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Dimensionality was assessed through Robust Parallel Analysis and the model was tested through cross-validation to find EVFAM-BR’s final version.Resultsthe final version comprised 14 items distributed into four domains, with explained variance of 79.02%. All indicators were within adequate and satisfactory limits, without any cross-loading and Heywood Case issues. Reliability indices also reached adequate levels (α= 0.71;ω= 0.70; glb = 0.83 and ORION ranging from 0.80 to 0.93, between domains). Instrument’s score was subjected to normalization, and it pointed towards three vulnerability strata (0 to 4 – Low; 5 to 6 – Moderate; 7 to 14 - High).Conclusionthe scale showed satisfactory validity evidences, which were consistent, reliable ad robust; it led to a synthesized instrument capable of accurately measuring and differentiating family vulnerability in the primary care territory, in Brazil.

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“…Questionnaire survey and physical measurements including weight and height were conducted by trained researchers from Pasteur Institute of Nha Trang (PINT), Vietnam. Details of the survey have been described elsewhere (Inoue et al, 2022).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental absence during childhood and weight status in adulthood among middle‐aged community dwellers in rural Vietnam

Yazawa

Kawachi

Shrestha

et al. 2022

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives While adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been shown to be associated with adulthood obesity, less is known about their association with underweight. We examined the associations between parental absence (i.e., a major component of ACEs) and both underweight and excess weight among middle‐aged rural community dwellers in Vietnam, where experiences of parental absence was not uncommon during and after the Vietnam War (1955–1975). Methods Data came from 3000 middle‐aged adults who participated in the baseline survey of Khánh Hòa Cardiovascular Study. Parental absence was defined as parental absence due to death, divorce, or out‐migration. Using information on the timing of such events, we categorized participants into those who experienced parental absence before the age of 3, between the ages of 3 and 15, and those without such experiences. BMI was calculated based on measured height and weight (kg/m2) and categorized into three groups: underweight <18.5; normal 18.5–24.9; excess weight ≥ 25. Multinomial logistic regression was then used to investigate the association between parental absence and adult weight status. Results Parental absence that occurred before the age of 3 was marginally significantly associated with underweight (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95, 2.20) but not with overweight/obesity. Parental divorce was associated with overweight/obesity (RRR = 2.48, 95% CI 1.28, 4.81), but not parental absence due to migratory work. Conclusions While previous studies in Western settings focused almost exclusively on the risk of obesity in relation to exposure to ACEs, our findings point to the potential importance of considering the risk of underweight in low‐ and middle‐income countries.

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Association between parental absence during childhood and depressive symptoms in adulthood in rural Vietnam

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Association between parental absence during childhood and metabolic syndrome during adulthood: A cross-sectional study in rural Khanh Hoa, Vietnam

Association between parental absence during childhood and metabolic syndrome during adulthood: A cross-sectional study in rural Khanh Hoa, Vietnam

Family Vulnerability Scale: evidence of content and internal structure validity

Parental absence during childhood and weight status in adulthood among middle‐aged community dwellers in rural Vietnam

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