Association between Participation in Annual Physical Examinations and Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases in Adults with Disabilities: Evidence from Shanghai, China

Abstract

The relationships between regular participation in annual physical examinations and the risk factors for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) among adults with disabilities remains unclear. To address this gap, we used data from 130,899 individuals with disabilities in Shanghai (2014–2016) and evaluated four risk factors for NCDs: hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and being overweight. Overall, 4540 individuals participated in annual physical examinations across all three years and 11,388 missed examinations in 2015 (group without regular participation). Chi-squared tests and binary logistic regression were used to assess differences in patient characteristics and explore correlations between variables. Significant differences in age (χ2 = 102.620, p < 0.01), place of residence (χ2 = 94.308, p < 0.01), educational level (χ2 = 59.884, p < 0.01), marital status (χ2 = 16.414, p < 0.01) and disability type (χ2 = 56.499, p < 0.01) and severity (χ2 = 45.464, p < 0.01) were found between those who participated in regular physical examinations and those who did not. Regular participation was associated with reduced incidences of hypertension (odds ratio 0.799, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.733–0.871) and hyperlipidemia (0.347, 95% CI: 0.307–0.392), but not with the incidence of diabetes (1.049, 95% CI: 0.944–1.166) or being overweight (0.907, 95% CI: 0.812–1.014). Hence, regular participation in annual physical examinations had different associations with risk factors for NCDs.

Successful Use of a 5G-Based Robot-Assisted Remote Ultrasound System in a Care Center for Disabled Patients in Rural China

“…Disability has become a global population health challenge. According to the World Disability Report, approximately 15% of the global population (1 billion people) has various disabilities, and more than 13% of the population with disabilities (85 million people) being in China (1)(2)(3). Due to difficulties in self-care or independent living, these patients mainly live in community-based care centers or institutions for long-term care and rehabilitation, rather than being hospitalized (4)(5)(6).…”

Effect of social activities on health checkups and recommended doctor visits: a fixed-effects analysis in Japan

“…Some health checkup participants are recommended to visit a doctor for further examination or medical treatment based on the results of these checkups. Periodic health checkups prevented health deterioration and mortality in many studies [1][2][3][4][5][6] but not in others [7][8][9][10] .…”

“…Health checkups, often designed as a set of periodic medical examinations, are considered to promote occupational and public health by detecting diseases and related risk factors 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ) . Some health checkup participants are recommended to visit a doctor for further examination or medical treatment based on the results of these checkups.…”

Determining whether periodic health checkups have any preventive effect on deterioration in health among middle-aged adults: A hazards model analysis in Japan

“…One previous study examined the association between PHCs and the risk of NCDs, but it was a cross‐sectional study targeting adults with disabilities. 20 We further considered the impact of PHCs on self‐rated health (SRH), which represents general health conditions 21 , 22 and activities of daily living (ADL), thus affecting the health‐related quality of life. 23 We examined whether, and to what extent, participation in PHCs would postpone the onset of poor SRH and ADL problems.…”