Association between perinatal depression in mothers and the risk of childhood infections in offspring: a population-based cohort study

Ban, Lu; Gibson, Jack E.; West, Joe; Tata, Laila J.

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-799

Cited by 57 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Height and weight data are recorded during clinical care. Mother-child pairings and siblings can be determined using a unique household code 19 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These included calendar year, geographic region, mode of delivery, socioeconomic status, obesity as an infant, maternal diabetes, and presence of obese family members in the household. A multi-step algorithm was employed to identify mothers within the THIN database, adapted from previously published methods within the same database 19 (see Supplemental Methods and Results). Average maternal BMI was calculated from available height and weight data from age 18 to 240 days prior to the child’s birth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Administration of Antibiotics to Children Before Age 2 Years Increases Risk for Childhood Obesity

et al. 2016

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Background & Aims Childhood obesity is increasing and is associated with adult obesity. Antibiotics have been used to promote weight gain in livestock for several decades. Antibiotics are commonly prescribed for children, but it is not clear how exposure to antibiotics early in life affects risk for obesity. We performed a population-based cohort study to assess the association between antibiotic exposure before age 2 years and obesity at age 4 years. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of 21,714 children in The Health Improvement Network —a population-representative dataset of more than 10 million individuals derived from electronic medical records from 1995 through 2013 in the United Kingdom. Eligible subjects were registered within 3 months of birth with complete follow-up and height and weight were recorded within 12 months of their 4th birthday. Antibiotic exposure was assessed before age 2 years, and classified based on anti-anaerobic activity. The primary outcome was obesity at age 4 years. We performed logistic regression analyses, adjusting for maternal and sibling obesity, maternal diabetes, mode of delivery, socioeconomic status, year and country of birth, and urban dwelling. Results In the cohort, 1306 of the children (6.4%) were obese at 4 years of age. Antibiotic exposure was associated with an increased risk of obesity at 4 years (odds ratio [OR]=1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–1.38). Odds ratios increased with repeated exposures: for 1–2 prescriptions, OR=1.07 (95% CI, 0.91–1.23); for 3–5 prescriptions, OR=1.41 (95% CI, 1.20–1.65); for 6 or more prescriptions, OR=1.47 (95% CI, 1.19–1.82). Antifungal agents were not associated with obesity (OR=0.81; 95% CI, 0.59–1.11). Conclusions Administration of 3 or more courses of antibiotics before children reach an age of 2 years is associated with an increased risk of early childhood obesity.

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“…Height and weight data are recorded during clinical care. Mother-child pairings and siblings can be determined using a unique household code 19 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Administration of Antibiotics to Children Before Age 2 Years Increases Risk for Childhood Obesity

et al. 2016

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“…Maternal prenatal anxiety, for example, has been associated with infant respiratory illness (Beijers et al, 2010), while perinatal depression has been associated with infant lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) (Ban et al, 2010). Use of nicotine (Hollams et al, 2014 and Stocks et al, 2013) and alcohol (Stocks et al, 2013) during pregnancy have been associated with both reduced lung function and detrimental neurodevelopmental outcomes, with the underlying mechanisms being partially elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the psychosocial determinants of child health in Africa: The Drakenstein Child Health Study

Stein

Koen

Donald

et al. 2015

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

136

217

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Background Early life psychobiological and psychosocial factors play a key role in influencing child health outcomes. Longitudinal studies may help elucidate the relevant risk and resilience profiles, and the underlying mechanisms that impact on child health, but there is a paucity of birth cohort data from low and middle-income countries (LMIC). We describe the rationale for and present baseline findings from the psychosocial component of the Drakenstein Child Health Study (DCHS). Methods We review the psychosocial measures used in the DCHS, a multidisciplinary birth cohort study in a peri-urban area in South Africa, and provide initial data on psychological distress, depression, substance use, and exposure to traumatic stressors and intimate partner violence (IPV). These and other measures will be assessed longitudinally in mothers in order to investigate associations with child neurodevelopmental and health outcomes. Results Baseline psychosocial data is presented for mothers (n = 634) and fathers (n = 75) who have completed antenatal assessments to date. The sample of pregnant mothers is characterized by multiple psychosocial risk factors, including a high prevalence of psychological distress and depression, high levels of substance use, and high exposure to traumatic stressors and IPV. Discussion These data are consistent with prior South African studies which have documented a high prevalence of a multitude of risk factors during pregnancy. Further longitudinal assessment of mothers and children may clarify the underlying psychobiological and psychosocial mechanisms which impact on child health, and so inform clinical and public health interventions appropriate to the South African and other LMIC contexts.

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“…[3][4][5] Guidance from the UK's National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) has emphasised that perinatal mental illness is one of the most important issues in women's health 6 yet up-to-date estimates of these conditions identified or treated at primary care level are not available. Although a recent systematic review 7 reported 6.5-12.9% of women had depression during pregnancy and in the year postpartum, there are few estimates of maternal anxiety and serious mental illness (SMI; for example, bipolar disorder and psychosis) and hardly any estimates of concurrent diagnoses of different mental illnesses perinatally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of socioeconomic deprivation on maternal perinatal mental illnesses presenting to UK general practice

Ban

Gibson²,

West³

et al. 2012

Br J Gen Pract

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BackgroundAlthough maternal perinatal mental illnesses commonly present to and are primarily treated in general practice, few population-based estimates of this burden exist, and the most affected socioeconomic groups of pregnant women remain unclear. AimTo provide estimates of maternal depression, anxiety and serious mental illness (SMI) in UK general practice and quantify impacts of socioeconomic deprivation. Design and settingCross-sectional analysis of prospectively recorded general practice records from a UK-wide database. MethodA pregnancy ending in live birth was randomly selected for every woman of childbearing age, [1994][1995][1996][1997][1998][1999][2000][2001][2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009]. Prevalence and diagnostic overlap of mental illnesses were calculated using a combination of medical diagnoses and psychotropic drug prescriptions. Socioeconomic deprivation was assessed using multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for calendar period and pregnancy history. ResultsAmong 116 457 women, 5.1% presented with antenatal depression and 13.3% with postnatal depression. Equivalent figures for anxiety were 2.6% and 3.7% and for SMI 1/1000 and 2/1000 women. Socioeconomic deprivation increased the risk of all mental illnesses, although this was more marked in older women. Those age 35-45 years in the most deprived group had 2.63 times the odds of antenatal depression (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.22 to 3.13) compared with the least deprived; in women aged 15-25 years the increased odds associated with deprivation was more modest (odds ratio = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.70). Similar patterns were found for anxiety and SMI. ConclusionStrong socioeconomic inequalities in perinatal mental illness persist with increasing maternal age. Targeting detection and effective interventions to high-risk women may reduce inequity and avoid substantial psychiatric morbidity.Keywords general practice; mental disorder; mothers; socioeconomic status.e671 British Journal of General Practice, October 2012 without direct diagnostic indication for the prescription, likely reflecting the diagnostic pathway (for example, prescriptions of psychotropic drugs as part of diagnostic procedure) and routine clinical practice (for example, a doctor with knowledge of their patient's clinical history will not need to record a new diagnosis of depression with each prescription for effective clinical care). Furthermore, individuals may receive more than one type of diagnosis, concurrently or at different times during their life. Therefore a comprehensive approach to define and distinguish between different types of mental illness in women's records was adopted by using a combination of medical diagnoses and psychotropic drug prescriptions. The prevalence of clinicallydiagnosed perinatal mental illness with or without treatment during the 9 months before pregnancy, during pregnancy (antenatal period) and during the 9 months after pregnancy (postnatal period) was estimated. Periods of 9-months were used as they we...

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Association between perinatal depression in mothers and the risk of childhood infections in offspring: a population-based cohort study

Cited by 57 publications

References 25 publications

Administration of Antibiotics to Children Before Age 2 Years Increases Risk for Childhood Obesity

Administration of Antibiotics to Children Before Age 2 Years Increases Risk for Childhood Obesity

Investigating the psychosocial determinants of child health in Africa: The Drakenstein Child Health Study

Impact of socioeconomic deprivation on maternal perinatal mental illnesses presenting to UK general practice

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