Association between physical function and onset of coronary heart disease in a cohort of community-dwelling older populations: The Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians study

Abstract

Objective: Physical function is a strong predictor of the adverse outcomes in older populations. We prospectively examined the association of walking speed and handgrip strength with CHD in the community-dwelling older populations. The study cohort in Japan included 1272 older people free from heart disease at the baseline. Physical function was identified based on walking speed and handgrip strength assessment at the survey site. Any new case of CHD was obtained based on a self-reported doctor's diagnosis. Cox-proportion hazard models were adjusted for covariate factors to examine the CHD risk. Results: During the 7-year follow-up, 45 new cases of CHD were documented. Slow walking speed was strongly associated with CHD risk after adjusting for all confounding factors in the total participants and women (hazard ratio (HR)= 2.53, 95%confidence interval (CI), 1.20-5.33, p=0.015, and HR= 4.78, 95% CI,1.07-21.35, p=0.040, respectively), but not in men. Weak grip strength was associated with CHD after age-adjustment (HR= 2.45, 95%CI, 1.03-5.81, p=0.043) only in men. However, after additional multivariate adjustment, the associations were weaker. The results lead to the conclusion that, after multivariate adjustment for coronary heart disease, walking speed is a strong surrogate predictor of the CHD risk among older people.