Association between posterior crossbite, skeletal, and muscle asymmetry: a systematic review

Abstract

The relationship between unilateral posterior crossbite and skeletal asymmetry is still unresolved. To date, most of the studies available report a skeletal asymmetric growth. EMG activity of masticatory muscles is different between crossbite and non-crossbite sides. Subjects with UPCB show smaller bite force than non-crossbite subjects. There is no consistency of studies reporting masticatory muscle thickness asymmetry in UPCB subjects. UPCB is associated to an increase in the reverse chewing cycle. The literature available on the subject is of medium-low scientific and methodological quality, irrespective of the association reported. Further investigations with higher sample size, well-defined diagnostic criteria, rigorous scientific methodologies, and long-term control are needed.

Alteraciones orofaciales y electromiografía de superficie en trastornos del neurodesarrollo

“…La presencia de un labio superior corto e hipotónico se da en pacientes con un sellado labial deficiente y en la mayoría de los casos se combinan factores genéticos y hábitos disfuncionales, como en este caso [20,21]. La asimetría en los maseteros también es propia de pacientes con mordidas cruzadas posteriores, en los que se dan tanto asimetrías funcionales como estructurales [22]. La deglución atípica o disfuncional se observa en un amplio rango de pacientes, tanto en niños como en adultos, y también es susceptible de medida y rehabilitación a través de la EMGs [23,24].…”

Mordida cruzada posterior: um enfoque à epidemiologia, etiologia, diagnóstico e tratamento

“…Ela pode produzir modificações na simetria mandibular 10 , na atividade eletromiográfica dos músculos mastigatórios 11 , na coordenação nos parâmetros mastigatórios 12 , alteração na deglutição 7 e na força de mordida 12,13 .…”

Força de mordida em crianças com mordida cruzada posterior

“…Some studies have related posterior crossbite with the presence of deleterious oral habits, orofacial myofunctional disorders and oral breathing (2,3) . Posterior crossbite, considered one of the most frequent types of malocclusion in the deciduous and mixed dentition phase, presents a prevalence of 7.2% to 23% (4) .…”

“…Posterior crossbite, considered one of the most frequent types of malocclusion in the deciduous and mixed dentition phase, presents a prevalence of 7.2% to 23% (4) . It can produce changes in mandibular symmetry (5) , in the electromyographic activity of the muscles of mastication (6) , in the coordination and masticatory pattern (7) , in the swallowing (3) and in the bite force (8,9) . The bite force is understood as the exertion between the upper and lower teeth when the jaw is raised by the muscles of mastication (10) .…”