Association between RAS Gene Polymorphisms (ACE I/D, AGT M235T) and Henoch-Schönlein Purpura in a Turkish Population

Abstract

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a small-vessel vasculitis of autoimmune hypersensitivity, and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) regulates vascular homeostasis and inflammation with activation of cytokine release. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between HSP and ACE I/D and AGT M235T polymorphisms. Genotyping was determined by allele specific PCR and PCR-RFLP. We obtained a significant difference in genotype distribution (p = 0.003) and allele frequencies (p < 0.001) of ACE I/D polymorphism between patients and controls, while no significant association was detected in genotype distribution (p > 0.05) and allele frequencies (p > 0.05) of the AGT M235T polymorphism. Risk assessment showed significant risk for HSP in the subjects both with the ID + DD genotype (p = 0.019, OR: 2.288, 95% CI: 1.136–4.609) and D allele (OR: D vs. I: 2.0528, 95% CI: 1.3632–3.0912, p = 0.001) while no significant risk was obtained for HSP in the subjects both with the MT + TT genotype (p = 0.312, OR: 1.3905, 95% CI: 0.7326–2.6391) and T allele (OR: T vs. M: 1.065, 95% CI: 0.729–1.557, p = 0.743). Furthermore, when patients were stratified by the presence of certain systemic complications of HSP, no significant association was detected with ACE I/D, and AGT M235T polymorphisms. Our findings suggest that ACE I/D polymorphism is significantly associated with HSP susceptibility.

Association of AGT M235T gene polymorphism with HSP/HSPN risk

“…Of these, 70 studies were excluded according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, five articles 4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] were included in our meta-analysis ( Figure 1). The retrieved data were recorded as follows: first author's surname, publication year, ethnicity, the number of cases and controls.…”

“…Five studies [9][10][11][12][13] were identified for the analysis of the association between AGT M235T gene polymorphism and the risk of HSP/HSPN (Table 1). They were all conducted in Asians.…”

“…[9][10][11][12][13] However, the results were inconsistent across these studies. An in-depth understanding of this issue may have important clinical implications provided the possibility that AGT M235T gene polymorphism might predict the susceptibility to HSP/HSPN.…”

Association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphism with the risk of Henoch-Schönlein purpura/Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis

“…1,2 Some current investigations [3][4][5][6] suggested that genetic factors might play a key role in the onset of HSP/HSPN.…”

Association of ACE, VEGF and CCL2 gene polymorphisms with Henoch–Schonlein purpura and evaluating the possible interaction effects of these loci in HSP patients

“…Increasing the level of ACE leads to vascular inflammation due to cytokine release. 11 Polymorphism of the ACE gene (I/D) and its role in HSP disease has been studied in patients from different populations. 12,13 Considering that HSP disease is a complex disease involving different genetic factors, we planned to evaluate the possible associations of these polymorphisms with the susceptibility to HSP independently and in different joint combinations.…”