Association between regional cerebral blood flow and eye-tracking performance and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in schizophrenics: a single photon emission computed tomography study

Yang, Yen Kuang; Chen, Chwen Cheng; Lee, I Hui; Chou, Yu Hsuan; Chiu, Nan Tsing; Jeffries, Keith J.; Tsai, Tzu Tung; Yeh, Tzung Lieh

doi:10.1016/s0925-4927(03)00021-0

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Perseverative errors score correlated negatively with occipital rCBF at activation [14], positively with the right parietooccipital rCBF [24]. The present study is partly in agreement with Yang et al [25], who found correlation between WCST scores and rCBF in thalamic and cerebellar regions. Interestingly in the recent report [26] right thalamic activity negatively correlated with perseverative errors in early dementia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

99mTc-ECD SPECT at rest and activation in young patients with schizophrenia

et al. 2011

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AbstractThe aim of the study was to localize brain parts involved in executive functions in patients with schizophrenia by means of 99mTc-ECD single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 3-dimensional automatic software. We examined 12 men with schizophrenia (mean age 29±3.9 years). Brain perfusion SPECT was performed at rest and during Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Two types of quantitative SPECT analysis were applied; voxel-based and volume of interest (VOI)-based. With voxel-based approach, rest and activation SPECT were compared. VOI-based analysis allowed for correlation of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in 20 VOIs with WCST scores. In voxel-based analysis, the patterns of rCBF decrease and increase after activation varied between patients, with combinations of different brain regions involved. In VOI-based approach, the only statistically significant difference between activation and rest was rCBF decrease in the left basal ganglia (p=0.028). The thalami and right temporal cortex correlated with the greatest number of WCST scores, followed by left occipital cortex and left cerebellum. In conclusion, our results suggest that patterns of WCST activation and deactivation vary between patients with schizophrenia. Among the network of involved brain structures, right temporal cortex and thalami appear to play the major role.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

99mTc-ECD SPECT at rest and activation in young patients with schizophrenia

et al. 2011

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“…According to a functional MRI study during performance of the WCST, there were significant activity increases, bilaterally, in the lateral prefrontal cortex, posterior prefrontal cortex, caudate nucleus, and dorsal thalamus in normal subjects while receiving negative feedback [7] . Yang et al [30] found significant correlations between WCST scores and rCBF in the prefrontal lobes and thalamic and cerebellar regions in schizophrenia patients by SPECT imaging during WCST performance. Lacerda et al [31] showed that PEN scores of WCST correlated negatively with rCBF only in the right thalamus in obsessive-compulsive disorder.…”

Section: Executive Dysfunction and Thalamusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cognitive effects of the small vessel cerebrovascular disease are variable, but predominant executive dysfunction is described in 45% of such cases [3] . In addition, Perry et al [4] found that 15% of minimally impaired patients with AD (MMSE score [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and 50% of mildly demented patients with AD (MMSE score [18][19][20][21][22][23] were impaired on the modified Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Brain Perfusion Imaging in Early Dementia

Takeda

Terada²,

Sato

et al. 2010

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Background/Aims: The presence of frontal or executive deficits in patients even at early stages of dementia is now widely recognized. We investigated the relationship between the scores of the Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) and brain perfusion in patients with early dementia. Methods: A total of 77 subjects participated in this study. They underwent the WCST and brain single photon emission computed tomography with 99mTc-ethylcisteinate dimer. We analyzed the data using a regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) quantification software program, 3DSRT. Results: The number of categories achieved (CA) scores of the WCST had a weakly positive correlation with regional cerebral blood flow in the bilateral precentral, bilateral callosomarginal, bilateral pericallosal, right thalamus, left central and left parietal segments. The number of perseverative errors of the Nelson type (PEN) scores had a weakly negative correlation with rCBF in the right thalamus. Conclusion: The results in this study suggest that CA scores mainly reflect the function of the precentral segments, especially the left side, and that PEN scores correlate with rCBF in the right thalamus. The results suggest that CA scores and PEN scores should be differentially estimated in the WCST.

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“…It is well known that depressed patients have several abnormalities in regional CBF and glucose metabolism in various brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulated cortex (Kalia, 2005). In addition, several studies (Marenco et al, 1993;Yang et al, 2003;Ortuno et al, 2006) have shown that in healthy individuals and in schizophrenic patients, the frontal lobe is physiologically activated above baseline levels when they are taking a cognitive test. Although the neurobiology of depression and cognitive function remains unclear, changes in frontal CBF are the common pathway during mood swings and activating cognitive tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal Cerebral Blood Flow Changes after Hormone Replacement Therapy in Depressed Postmenopausal Women

Yao

Pan

Wang

et al. 2009

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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We investigated the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on frontal cerebral blood flow (CBF), depressive symptoms, and cognitive function in depressed postmenopausal women. Fourteen postmenopausal women with depressive symptoms underwent HRT, and seven controls not undergoing HRT were studied. We evaluated frontal CBF, expressed as frontal/cerebellum (F/C) ratio, using Tc-99m hexamethyl propylene amine oxime single photon emission computed tomography (Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT), cognitive function using the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), and depression using the HAD (Hospital Anxiety and Depression) scale. All studies were carried out at initial status and after 9 months. Single photon emission computed tomography was performed at rest and at activation during the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Initial frontal CBF was not different between groups. After 9 months, resting frontal CBF was similar between groups. However, activated frontal CBF was significantly higher in the HRT group than in controls (F/C ratio: 0.924±0.04 versus 0.853±0.05, P=0.007). Furthermore, the increase in the activated F/C ratio was inversely associated with years since menopause. Mini-Mental Status Examination scores improved after HRT, but depression scores did not. Hormone replacement therapy improved frontal CBF and cognitive function but not depression in postmenopausal women. The changes in frontal CBF were detected only during WCST activation and were most apparent during early postmenopausal years.

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Association between regional cerebral blood flow and eye-tracking performance and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in schizophrenics: a single photon emission computed tomography study

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

99mTc-ECD SPECT at rest and activation in young patients with schizophrenia

99mTc-ECD SPECT at rest and activation in young patients with schizophrenia

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Brain Perfusion Imaging in Early Dementia

Frontal Cerebral Blood Flow Changes after Hormone Replacement Therapy in Depressed Postmenopausal Women

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