Association between remnant lipoprotein cholesterol levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents

Chin, Justin; Mori, Trevor A.; Adams, Leon A.; Beilin, Lawrence J.; Huang, Rae‐Chi; Olynyk, John K.; Ayonrinde, Oyekoya T.

doi:10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100150

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Recently, there have been several reports on the relationship between RC and NAFLD. In 2018, Pastori et al found for the first time that higher levels of RC were independently positively correlated with NAFLD in patients with cardiac metabolic diseases [ 37 ], and Chin et al also found a similar association in adolescents [ 38 ]. This conclusion was validated in this study, and the findings of this study support the role of RC as an independent risk factor for NAFLD in the general population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of remnant cholesterol with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a general population-based study

et al. 2021

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Background Remnant cholesterol (RC) mediates the progression of coronary artery disease, diabetic complications, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. Limited information is available on the association of RC with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to explore whether RC can be used to independently evaluate the risk of NAFLD in the general population and to analyze the predictive value of RC for NAFLD. Methods The study included 14,251 subjects enrolled in a health screening program. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasound, and the association of RC with NAFLD was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and logistic regression equation. Results Subjects with elevated RC had a significantly higher risk of developing NAFLD after fully adjusting for potential confounding factors (OR 1.77 per SD increase, 95% CI 1.64–1.91, P trend< 0.001). There were significant differences in this association among sex, BMI and age stratification. Compared with men, women were facing a higher risk of RC-related NAFLD. Compared with people with normal BMI, overweight and obesity, the risk of RC-related NAFLD was higher in thin people. In different age stratifications, when RC increased, young people had a higher risk of developing NAFLD than other age groups. Additionally, ROC analysis results showed that among all lipid parameters, the AUC of RC was the largest (women: 0.81; men: 0.74), and the best threshold for predicting NAFLD was 0.54 in women and 0.63 in men. Conclusions The results obtained from this study indicate that (1) in the general population, RC is independently associated with NAFLD but not with other risk factors. (2) Compared with traditional lipid parameters, RC has a better predictive ability for NAFLD in men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of remnant cholesterol with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a general population-based study

et al. 2021

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“…VLDL synthesis is impaired in NASH, possibly as the result of lipid oxidative DNA damage, leading to dysfunctional VLDL synthesis and lipid outflow as key factors in the progression to NASH 117 . In the context of TG‐rich lipoproteins, fasting remnant‐cholesterol, another CV risk factor, is associated with the odds of NAFLD beyond traditional risk factors, such as adiposity and IR 118 . Fatty liver and elevated TG can be finally linked to apoprotein C3 ( APOC3 ) variant alleles (C482T, T455C or both).…”

Section: Nafld and Risk Of Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease diagnoses and cardiovascular diseases: From epidemiology to drug approaches

Dongiovanni

Paolini

Corsini

et al. 2021

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Background A consensus of experts has proposed to replace the term nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), whose global prevalence is 25%, with metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), to describe more appropriately the liver disease related to metabolic derangements. MAFLD is closely intertwined with type 2 diabetes, obesity, dyslipidaemia, all linked to a rise in the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVDs). Since controversy still stands on whether or not NAFLD/MAFLD raises the odds of CVD, the present review aims to evaluate the impact of NAFLD/MAFLD aetiologies on CV health and the potential correction by dietary and drug approaches. Results Epidemiological studies indicate that NAFLD raises risk of fatal or non‐fatal CVD events. NAFLD patients have a higher prevalence of arterial plaques and stiffness, coronary calcification, and endothelial dysfunction. Although genetic and environmental factors strongly contribute to NAFLD pathogenesis, a Mendelian randomization analysis indicated that the PNPLA3 genetic variant leading to NAFLD may not be causally associated with CVD risk. Among other genetic variants related to NAFLD, TM6SF2 appears to be protective, whereas MBOAT7 may favour venous thromboembolism. Conclusions NAFLD is correlated to a higher CVD risk which may be ameliorated by dietary interventions. This is not surprising, since new criteria defining MAFLD include other metabolic risk abnormalities fuelling development of serious adverse extrahepatic outcomes, for example CVD. The present lack of a targeted pharmacological approach makes the identification of patients with liver disease at higher CVD risk (eg diabetes, hypertension, obesity or high levels of C‐reactive protein) of major clinical interest.

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“…Отримані в нашому дослідженні результати узгоджуються з даними інших авторів [4,9,11]. Так, визначено, що при коморбідному поєднанні НАЖХП і ГХ та ізольованій НАЖХП медіана ІМТ статистично значущо переважала показники контрольної групи (відповідно 27,8 [26,6; 28,5] кг/м 2 ; р < 0,001; 27,3 [24,2; 28,3] кг/ м 2 ; р = 0,004 та 24,3 [21,9; 26,0] кг/ м 2 ).…”

Section: результати та обговоренняunclassified

“…Chin та співавт. [4] у дослідженні з участю 108 хворих на цукровий діабет і НАЖХП виявили наявність статистично значущого (p < 0,05) зв'язку ІМТ, САТ і ДАТ з розвитком фіброзу на тлі НАЖХП та статистично значуще збільшення показників ІМТ, САТ і ДАТ у хворих як чоловічої (відповідно (29,3 ± 5,9) кг/ м 2 , (124,3 ± 9,8) та (60,2 ± 7,1) мм рт. ст.…”

Section: результати та обговоренняunclassified

“…(р = 0,83) за відсутності НАЖХП) статі. Автори [4] також підтвердили й інші визначені нами особливості щодо активності АСТ і АЛТ на тлі НАЖХП та ГХ, зокрема суттєве статистично значущо (р < 0,001) вищий рівень АЛТ і АСТ у хворих з НАЖХП та ГХ (відповідно 45 [43,0; 47,5] та 53 [51,0; 56,0] Од/ л) та осіб з ізольованим НАЖХП (36 [34,0; 39,0] і 41 [40,0; 45,0] Од/ л) порівняно з контрольною групою (25,5 [24,0; 30,8] й 23 [19,3; 26,0] Од/ л). За даними J. Chin та співавт., активність АЛТ і АСТ була більшою у хворих на тлі НАЖХП (відповідно (39,1 ± 23,6) і (31,4 ± 14,5) Од/ л у чоловіків та (19,7 ± 13,3) і (21,3 ± 5,4) Од/ л у жінок) порівняно з особами без НАЖХП ((22,1 ± 9,9) Од/ л (р < 0,001) у загальній групі, (27,0 ± 8,3) Од/л (р = 0,001) у чоловіків, (18,1 ± 10,2) Од/л (р = 0,20) та (22,0 ± 5,1) Од/л (р = 0,19) у жінок).…”

Section: результати та обговоренняunclassified

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Cytokine-dependent mechanisms of the immune response implementation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and arterial hypertension

Tverezovska¹,

Zhelezniakova²

2022

СГ

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The relevance of studying clinical and laboratory manifestations and liver inflammatory activity in patients with non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and arterial hypertension (HTN) is high, as it determines the aspects of preliminary diagnosis in patients from risk groups and allows to adjust of the diagnostic and therapeutic tactics of managing these patients. Objective — to study the ways of cytokine‑determined immune reactions implementation in patients with NAFLD and concomitant HTN. Materials and methods. The study involved 120 patients with NAFLD, from them 49 patients (67.3 % women and 32.7 % men) had concomitant HTN (the main group); 51 patients (58.5 % women and 41.2 % men) had isolated NAFLD (comparison group). The control group consisted of 20 relatively healthy subjects (55.0 % women and 45.0 % men). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and several biochemical indices were evaluated. The standard kinetic method was used to define levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The enzymatic colorimetric method was used to measure γ‑glutamylpeptidase levels, and levels of alkaline phosphatase, total protein and albumin were measured with colorimetric method. The de Ritis index was calculated. The interleukins 8 and 10 levels were determined using the immunofluorescence method with ElabScience (USA) reagents. Ultrasound examination of the liver was performed according to the standard method on an empty stomach using the device Samsung (Medison) SonoAce X8 (South Korea). To compare the data in the study groups, the liver oblique‑vertical dimension (CVD) was used. Results. The BMI increase was determined in both groups: with NAFLD and concomitant HTN and with isolated course (respectively 27.8 [26.6; 28.5] and 27.3 [24.2; 28.3] kg/ m2) compared to the control group (24.3 [21.9; 26.0] kg/ m2, p < 0.001 and р = 0.004). The presence of concomitant HTN in patients with NAFLD was associated with the significant (p < 0.001) deviations in the functional liver state, which was manifested by the prevalence of ALT levels (45 [43.0; 47.5] U/ L), AST levels (53 [51.0; 56.0] U/ L), alkaline phosphatase levels (285.7 [217.6; 321.1] U/ L) and gamma‑glutamine transpeptidase levels (96.2 [75.0; 108.9] U/ L) in comparison with the isolated NAFLD levels (respectively 36 [34.0; 39.0] U/ L, 41 [40.0; 45.0] U/ L, 215.5 [183.2; 246.7] U/ L and 65.5 [51.5; 76.8] U/ L) and control group levels (respectively 25.5 [24.0; 30.8] U/ L, 23 [19.3; 26.0] U/ L, 129.2 [116.9; 140.6] U/ L and 22.6 [16.1; 31.7] U/ L). A significantly (p < 0.001) higher de Ritis index was determined in the main (1.16 [1.11; 1.24]) and comparison groups (1.14 [1.08; 1.21]) as compared to the control group (0.87 [0.76; 0.99]). Such changes in the liver functional activity correlated with the changes in cytokine‑determined immune reactions, which were manifested by a significant (p < 0.001) predominance of interleukin‑8 and interleukin‑10 levels in patients with NAFLD and HTN (respectively, 29.4 [25.6; 34.9] and 20.3 [17.1; 24.4] pg/ mL) and isolated NAFLD (22.5 [19.1; 25.8] and 12.1 [10.5; 13.7] pg/ mL) compared to the control group (7.4 [6.7; 8.9] and 3.6 [2.8; 5.0] pg/ mL). Conclusions. The course of NAFLD is associated with the development of cytokine imbalance. A systematic increase in blood pressure can lead to an increase of cytokine‑mediated immune reactions activity in patients with NAFLD and concomitant HTN.

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Association between remnant lipoprotein cholesterol levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents

Cited by 27 publications

References 34 publications

Association of remnant cholesterol with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a general population-based study

Association of remnant cholesterol with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a general population-based study

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease diagnoses and cardiovascular diseases: From epidemiology to drug approaches

Cytokine-dependent mechanisms of the immune response implementation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and arterial hypertension

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