Association between Sarcopenia and Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged and Older Non-Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zhang, Huaqi; Lin, Song Chang; Gao, Tianlin; Zhong, Feng; Cai, Jing; Sun, Yongye; Ma, Aiguo

doi:10.3390/nu10030364

Cited by 140 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

117

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Then, we chose the newest meta‐analysis with the largest number of studies. Finally, 54 health‐related outcomes extracted from 30 meta‐analyses 10,22‐50 were reported in this umbrella review. These 54 outcomes were mainly about prognostic outcomes of tumor, postoperative outcomes, age‐related outcomes, metabolic outcomes, and other outcomes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia and adverse health‐related outcomes: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of observational studies

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective The purpose of this umbrella review was to assess the associations between sarcopenia and adverse health‐related outcomes. Design An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of observational studies. Setting and Participants Patients with sarcopenia and controls without sarcopenia were included. Measures The PubMed, Web of Science and Embase were searched for relevant systematic review and meta‐analysis. AMSTAR and GRADE system were used for methodological quality and evidence quality assessments, respectively. Results Totally 54 outcomes extracted from 30 meta‐analyses were analyzed. Twenty out of 21 prognostic outcomes indicated that sarcopenia was significantly associated with poorer prognosis of gastric cancer, hepatocellular cancer, urothelial cancer, head and neck cancer, hematological malignancy, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, and ovarian cancer. Besides, 10 out of 16 postoperative outcomes suggested that sarcopenia significantly increased the risk of multiple postoperative complications and prolonged the length of hospitalization of patients with digestive cancer. In age‐related outcomes, sarcopenia significantly increased the risk of dysphagia, cognitive impairment, fractures, falls, hospitalization, and all‐cause mortality of elderly populations. Moreover, sarcopenia was also associated with higher level of albuminuria, risk of depression, and several metabolic diseases. Conclusions and Implications Sarcopenia significantly affected a wide range of adverse health‐related outcomes, particularly in patients of tumor and elderly populations. Because evidences of most outcomes were rated as “low” and “very low,” more prospective cohort studies are required in the future.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia and adverse health‐related outcomes: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of observational studies

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In other words, they favoured the expression suitable to the assumed protective effect of FFM in health. Many studies used FFM% in large cohorts and also concluded that greater FFM was protective against insulin resistance (IR) and T2D, MetS, or cardiovascular disease risks . However, the use of FFM% per se is problematic because it inherently represents FM and FFM as well.…”

Section: ‘Unexpected’ Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This article stems from contradictory published results in the literature concerning the beneficial role of greater fat‐free mass (FFM) on metabolic health . The widely accepted principle that greater FFM contributes to a better metabolic health overshadows available data supporting the opposite view.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A counterintuitive perspective for the role of fat‐free mass in metabolic health

Lagacé

Brochu

Dionne

2020

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fat-free mass (FFM) has long been recognized to play a role in metabolic homeostasis. Over the years, it has become widely accepted by the scientific and general community alike that having a greater FFM can be protective for metabolic health. Hence, in the context of an aging population concurrently facing sarcopenia and an elevated incidence of metabolic diseases, substantial efforts are being made to study and develop interventions aiming to maintain or increase FFM. However, accumulating evidence now suggests that a large FFM may be deleterious to metabolic health, at least in some populations. The objective of this article is thus to raise awareness surrounding these results and to explore possible explanations and mechanisms underlying this counterintuitive association.

show abstract

“…Age-related transient chronic inflammation imposes direct degenerative muscular effect [188] and indirectly causes oxidative stress, promoting the progression of sarcopenia. In addition, the relationship between MetS and sarcopenia has been established [189]. Obesity increases adipocytes followed by an elevation of adipokines, which causes muscle catabolic activity and increment of inflammatory cytokines [190,191].…”

Section: Effects Of Tocotrienol On Muscle Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Role of Tocotrienols on Non-Communicable Diseases: A Review of Current Evidence

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tocotrienol (T3) is a subfamily of vitamin E known for its wide array of medicinal properties. This review aimed to summarize the health benefits of T3, particularly in prevention or treatment of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, metabolic, gastric, and skin disorders, as well as cancers. Studies showed that T3 could prevent various NCDs, by suppressing 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) in the mevalonate pathway, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and alternating hormones. The efficacy of T3 in preventing/treating these NCDs is similar or greater compared to tocopherol (TF). TF may lower the efficacy of T3 because the efficacy of the combination of TF and T3 was lower than T3 alone in some studies. Data investigating the effects of T3 on osteoporosis, arthritis, and peptic ulcers in human are limited. The positive outcomes of T3 treatment obtained from the preclinical studies warrant further validation from clinical trials.Nutrients 2020, 12, 259 2 of 84 Nutrients 2020, 12, 259 4 of 84 the order δ > γ > β > α [45]. Using HepG2 cells, γT3 was shown to stimulate apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) degradation by decreasing its translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen. This action eventually caused a reduction in the number of Apo-B in lipoprotein particles [46]. Other reports showed that γT3 and δT3 had the potential to reduce the hepatic TG synthesis and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion by suppressing expression of genes involved in lipid homeostasis, particularly the TG, cholesterol, and VLDL biosynthesis. Moreover, δT3 also promoted the efflux of LDL through LDL receptor expression [47]. A summary of the literature on effect of T3 supplementation on lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic model in vitro is shown in Table 1.Animal models of dyslipidemia have been used to investigate the effects of T3 on lipid profile. Several animals have been tested, including chicken, swine and rodents (rats, hamsters, guinea pigs). In chickens fed with a varying level of αTF and γT3, Qureshi et al. (1996) showed that αTF enhanced the inhibition of HMGCR by γT3. They further stipulated that the vitamin E mixture should contain 15-20% of αTF and approximately 60% of γT3 or δT3 for optimal anti-cholesterol effects [48]. In the subsequent study, demonstrated that combination of 50 ppm T3-rich fraction (TRF) and 50 ppm lovastatin was more effective in suppressing HMGCR activity compared to lovastatin alone in chickens. The combination also reduced serum TC and LDL-C, TG, Apo-B, thromboxane B 2 , and platelet factor 4 in contrast to individual treatment [49]. Using chicken supplemented with 50 ppm of δT3, Qureshi et al. (2011) further revealed that δT3 reduced TC and LDL-C besides suppressing the lipid elevating effects of dexamethasone and potentiated the TG-lowering effect of riboflavin [50]. Using genetically hypercholesterolemic swine, Qureshi et al. (1991) demonstrated the significant effect of TRF in lowering serum TC, LDL-C, Apo-B, thrombo...

show abstract

Association between Sarcopenia and Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged and Older Non-Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 140 publications

References 47 publications

Sarcopenia and adverse health‐related outcomes: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of observational studies

Sarcopenia and adverse health‐related outcomes: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of observational studies

A counterintuitive perspective for the role of fat‐free mass in metabolic health

Potential Role of Tocotrienols on Non-Communicable Diseases: A Review of Current Evidence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About