Association Between Sex and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Outcomes for Patients With Melanoma

Jang, Se Ryeong; Nikita, Nikita; Banks, Joshua; Keith, Scott W.; Johnson, Jennifer M.; Wilson, Melissa A.; Lu-Yao, Grace L.

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.36823

Cited by 43 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Our study found that gender is not associated with the efficacy of immunotherapy for lung cancer. This is different from the results of previous studies ( Jang et al, 2021 ; Wu et al, 2018b ). We found that the reason for the different results among the studies may be due to different patient populations.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…We found that the reason for the different results among the studies may be due to different patient populations. The study by Jang et al (2021) included patients with melanoma; Wu et al (2018b) included patients with various tumor types, while our study just included patients with lung cancer. The efficacy of immunotherapy varies by tumor types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of baseline characteristics on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Xiao

Shuai

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Purpose: To investigate the impact of different baseline characteristics on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for advanced lung cancer.Methods: In order to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs), a systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus Cochrane Library databases. The primary outcomes were hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS). To explore the potential interaction during the administration of ICI, patients were stratified by baseline characteristics.Results: The meta-analysis included 24 RCTs. ① Compared with non-ICI therapy, patients with lung cancer benefitted more from immunotherapy (HR, 0.78; p < 0.0001). ② Patients without liver metastases could get more survival benefits than those with liver metastases (HR, 1.20; p = 0.0139). Similar outcomes were also observed in the following subgroups: small-cell lung cancer (HR, 1.20; p = 0.0433), subsequent line (HR, 1.40; p = 0.0147), and ICI monotherapy (HR, 1.40; p = 0.0147). ③ Subgroup analysis showed that tumor type affected the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with brain metastases (HR, 0.72 vs. 1.41; interaction, p < 0.01). Among patients with smoking history (HR, 0.87 vs. 1.23; interaction, p = 0.05) and brain metastases (HR, 0.69 vs. 1.21; interaction, p = 0.05), the type of therapy (i.e., monotherapy or combination therapy) had potential influences on the efficacy of immunotherapy.Conclusion: Some critical baseline characteristics could indicate the efficacy of ICI therapy. Liver metastasis status could predict the efficacy of ICI therapy for lung cancer. Compared with small-cell lung cancer, patients with brain metastases might have durable OS in non-small-cell lung cancer. The smoking history or brain metastasis status of patients could indicate the potential clinical benefits of monotherapy or combination therapy.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of baseline characteristics on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Xiao

Shuai

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Firstly, we analyzed the baseline characteristics of study participants, such as sex and age as these biological variables were demonstrated to affect the immune system and correlate with the ICI therapy efficacy. For instance, several studies reported that males benefited more from ICI therapy than females [39][40][41]. However, it was indicated that the effect of sex difference was more obvious in patients treated with the CTLA-4 inhibitors administered as mono-or combination therapy than the PD-1 inhibitors alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Clinical Outcome of the anti-PD-1 Therapy of Melanoma in Polish Patients Is Mediated by Population-Specific Gut Microbiome Composition

Pietrzak¹,

Tomela²,

Olejnik-Schmidt³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Gut microbiota is considered a key player modulating the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. The study investigated the association between response to the anti-PD-1 therapy and the baseline gut microbiome in the Polish cohort of melanoma patients, alongside selected agents modifying the microbiome. Sixty-four melanoma patients enrolled for the anti-PD-1 therapy and 10 healthy subjects were recruited. Response to the treatment was assessed according to the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors, and patients were classified as responders or non-responders. The association between selected extrinsic factors and response was investigated using questionnaire-based analysis, and metataxonomics of the microbiota. The Bacteroidota to Firmicutes ratio was higher, and the richness was decreased in the responders. The abundance of Prevotella copri and Bacteroides uniformis was related to the response, whereas non-responder gut microbiota was enriched with Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Desulfovibrio intestinalis, and some unclassified Firmicutes. Dietary patterns, including plant, dairy, and fat consumption, but also gastrointestinal tract functioning were significantly associated with the therapeutic effects of the therapy. The specific gut microbiota alongside diet were found associated with response to the therapy in the Polish population of melanoma patients.

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“… 10 Altogether, this may explain why ICIs become less effectual. 11 Since evidence suggests that men and women respond differently to therapies, it is important to explore these differences to redefine clinical decision making and improve outcomes for all patients with cancer. A first step of that discovery is through an examination of the current evidence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study discovered that in female antigens are not as frequently presented to the immune system by the major histocompatibility complex 10. Altogether, this may explain why ICIs become less effectual 11. Since evidence suggests that men and women respond differently to therapies, it is important to explore these differences to redefine clinical decision making and improve outcomes for all patients with cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the role of sex on outcomes for the cancer patient undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a scoping review protocol

Shaver

Nikita²,

Sharma³

et al. 2022

BMJ Open

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IntroductionImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed the treatment landscape for multiple cancer types. Sex plays an important role in both the development of cancer as well as the functioning of the immune system. Though a difference in response to immune therapy is emerging between men and women it is unclear how this difference affects cancer outcomes and what the potential underlying mechanisms are for those effects. The objective of this study is to describe the influence that sex has on the outcomes experienced by cancer patients on ICI therapy and to identify and analyse any knowledge gaps in the field.Method and analysisThe framework for this methodology was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis. The search and review will be conducted from January 2022 to June 2022. Two independent researchers will screen titles and abstracts followed by full-text screening for manuscript inclusion. Full length studies published between 2010 and December 2021 found in PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Scopus describing the influence of sex differences on cancer outcomes in patients treated with ICIs will be included. After data are extracted it will be summarised for presentation.Ethics and disseminationThe findings of this scoping review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. The results will be used to inform future studies on the potential differential impacts of ICIs. All data are from published openly accessible sources and therefore no ethical clearance is necessary.

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Association Between Sex and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Outcomes for Patients With Melanoma

Cited by 43 publications

References 32 publications

The influence of baseline characteristics on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The influence of baseline characteristics on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

A Clinical Outcome of the anti-PD-1 Therapy of Melanoma in Polish Patients Is Mediated by Population-Specific Gut Microbiome Composition

Understanding the role of sex on outcomes for the cancer patient undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a scoping review protocol

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