Association between socio-economic factors and HIV self-testing knowledge amongst South African women

Ekholuenetale, Michael; Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe; Okonji, Osaretin Christabel

doi:10.4102/sajhivmed.v23i1.1347

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…A previous article has reported statistical analysis approach. 18 Stata version 14 (StataCorp., College Station, Texas, United States) was utilised for data analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous article has reported the data extraction approach. 18 The data are available on the public space and can be accessed at: http://dhsprogram.com/data/availabledatasets.cfm. Details of the DHS sampling procedure have been previously reported.…”

Section: Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study has reported on the strengths and limitations of the study. 18 The recommendations for increasing the utilisation of HIVST focus on improving education and economic conditions, as these are critical factors that contribute to higher testing rates. Furthermore, integrated strategies that combine socio-economic advancement with tailored media campaigns can effectively increase HIVST uptake among reproductive-aged women in a concise and impactful manner.…”

Section: Strength and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uptake and factors associated with HIV self-testing among women in South Africa

Ekholuenetale,

Okonji,

Nzoputam

et al. 2024

Journal of the Colleges of Medicine of South Africa

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Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) self-testing (ST) is a convenient and discreet practice to know HIV status. It is required to reach the underserved population subgroups. We examined the uptake and factors associated with HIVST among reproductive-aged South African women.Methods: A sample of 8182 women from 2016 South African Demographic and Health Survey data were analysed. Percentage and multivariable logistic regression model were conducted. The significance level was set at p 0.05.Results: Approximately 3.1% of women had HIVST uptake. Respondents with primary education had a 75% reduction in the odds of HIVST, compared with women who had no formal education. Women who are employed were 1.44 times as likely to have HIVST uptake compared to those not employed. Women aged 20–24 years, 25–29 years, 30–34 years, and 40–44 years had about two times higher odds of HIVST, when compared with women aged 15–19 years. Women who read newspaper or magazine less than once a week or at least once a week were 1.90 and 2.25 times as likely to have HIVST uptake, respectively, when compared with those who do not read at all.Conclusion: The prevalence of HIVST uptake was low. HIVST was associated with women’s sociodemographic characteristics. The findings highlight the importance of addressing women’s needs to know their HIV status.Contribution: This study adds to the body of literature in understanding the utilisation patterns of HIVST across women in South Africa.

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“…A previous article has reported statistical analysis approach. 18 Stata version 14 (StataCorp., College Station, Texas, United States) was utilised for data analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strength and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Uptake and factors associated with HIV self-testing among women in South Africa

Ekholuenetale,

Okonji,

Nzoputam

et al. 2024

Journal of the Colleges of Medicine of South Africa

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“…In addition, low household economic status may negatively affect women’s health interventions and utilization [ 73 ]. Thus, socio-economically disadvantaged women may have a lower chance of HIV testing [ 74 ]. However, our finding is different from a study conducted among East African women [ 24 ] and Nepal [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variation of premarital HIV testing and its associated factors among married women in Ethiopia: Multilevel and spatial analysis using 2016 demographic and health survey data

Tilahun,

Tesfie

2023

PLoS ONE

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Background Africa is the most severely affected area, accounting for more than two-thirds of the people living with HIV. In sub-Saharan Africa, more than 85% of new HIV-infected adolescents and 63% of all new HIV infections are accounted for by women. Ethiopia has achieved a 50% incidence rate reduction. However, mortality rate reduction is slow, as the estimated prevalence in 2021 is 0.8%. In sub-Saharan Africa, heterosexual transmission accounts for the majority of HIV infections, and women account for 58% of people living with HIV. Most of these transmissions took place during marriage. Thus, this study aimed to explore the spatial variation of premarital HIV testing across regions of Ethiopia and identify associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional study design was employed. A total of 10223 weighted samples were taken from individual datasets of the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. STATA version 14 and ArcGIS version 10.8 software’s were used for analysis. A multilevel mixed-effect generalized linear model was fitted, and an adjusted prevalence Ratio with a 95% CI and p-value < 0.05 was used to declare significantly associated factors. Multilevel models were compared using information criteria and log-likelihood. Descriptive and spatial regression analyses (geographical weighted regression and ordinary least squares analysis) were conducted. Models were compared using AICc and adjusted R-squared. The local coefficients of spatial explanatory variables were mapped. Results In spatial regression analysis, secondary and above education level, richer and above wealth quintile, household media exposure, big problem of distance to health facility, having high risky sexual behaviour and knowing the place of HIV testing were significant explanatory variables for spatial variation of premarital HIV testing among married women. While in the multilevel analysis, age, education level, religion, household media exposure, wealth index, khat chewing, previous history of HIV testing,age at first sex, HIV related knowledge, HIV related stigma, distance to health facility, and community level media exposure were associated with premarital HIV testing among married women. Conclusions and recommendation Premarital HIV testing had a significant spatial variation across regions of Ethiopia. A statistically significant clustering of premarital HIV testing was observed at Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, North Tigray and some parts of Afar and Amhara regions. Therefore area based prevention and interventional strategies are required at cold spot areas to halt the role of heterosexual transmission in HIV burden. Moreover, the considering the spatial explanatory variables effect in implementations of these strategies rather than random provision of service would make regional health care delivery systems more cost-effective.

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“…Individual-level factors. The variables selected for this studies came from previous studies that looked at HIV positivity, testing and associated variables in women of childbearing age in African settings [26][27][28]. Women's age (in years): <25/25-34/over 34; educational attainment: uneducated/primary/secondary or higher; working status: not employed/employed; age at first union or marriage (in years): <18/18-24/over 24; age at first sex (in years): never had sex/<18/18+; health insurance: yes/no; years lived in place of residence: 5+/<5; literacy:…”

Section: Selection and Measurement Of Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving the UNAIDS first ‘95’ in prenuptial HIV/AIDS testing among reproductive-aged Rwandese women: A multilevel analysis of 2019–20 population-based data

Ekholuenetale

Owobi²,

Barrow³

2023

PLOS Glob Public Health

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A significant public health concern that disproportionately affects women is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Prenuptial HIV testing is no doubt a major step for people to learn their HIV status. In this study, the coverage of prenuptial HIV testing and its associated factors were examined among reproductive-aged Rwandese women. This study included a total of 14,634 reproductive-aged Rwandese women using 2019–20 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS). The coverage of prenuptial HIV/AIDS testing and the variables influencing it were evaluated using percentage and multilevel logit model. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. The weighted prevalence of prenuptial HIV/AIDS testing was 45.9% (95%CI: 44.8%-47.1%). The respondents who attained primary and secondary+ education had 31% (OR = 1.31; 95%CI: 1.09–1.59) and 56% (OR = 1.56; 95%CI: 1.25–1.95) higher odds of prenuptial HIV/AIDS testing, when compared with uneducated women. Those who got married or had their first sex at an adult age (18+ years), had higher odds of prenuptial HIV/AIDS testing, when compared with women who got married before age 18 years or never had sex respectively. Women’s age, nativity and region were associated with prenuptial HIV testing. Women with knowledge of HIV test kits, had higher odds of prenuptial HIV/AIDS testing (OR = 1.45; 95%CI: 1.30–1.63), when compared with those with no knowledge of HIV test kits. The respondents from female-headed households had 12% reduction in prenuptial HIV/AIDS testing (OR = 0.88; 95%CI: 0.80–0.97), when compared with their male-headed counterparts. The moderately (OR = 1.16; 95%CI: 1.03–1.31) and highly (OR = 1.55; 95%CI: 1.37–1.75) enlightened women had higher odds of prenuptial HIV/AIDS testing, when compared with those with low enlightenment. The uptake of prenuptial HIV/AIDS testing was relatively low among Rwandese women. We recommend improving women’s education, enlightenment, delay in sexual debut, marriage at adult age (18years) and increasing knowledge about HIV testing among women.

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Association between socio-economic factors and HIV self-testing knowledge amongst South African women

Cited by 10 publications

References 43 publications

Uptake and factors associated with HIV self-testing among women in South Africa

Uptake and factors associated with HIV self-testing among women in South Africa

Spatial variation of premarital HIV testing and its associated factors among married women in Ethiopia: Multilevel and spatial analysis using 2016 demographic and health survey data

Achieving the UNAIDS first ‘95’ in prenuptial HIV/AIDS testing among reproductive-aged Rwandese women: A multilevel analysis of 2019–20 population-based data

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