Association between temporomandibular disorders and anxiety: A systematic review

Abstract

Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMD) is an umbrella term that includes musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint. The present systematic review aimed to verify whether there is a specific association between TMD and anxiety. The searches were carried out in electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS, without restrictions on publication date and language. The acronym PECO was used, whose participants (P) were humans exposed to TMD (E), compared to participants without TMD (C) and the presence of anxiety as an outcome (O). After the search retrieval, the duplicates were removed, and the articles were evaluated by title and abstract, following our inclusion and exclusion criteria; then, the papers were read and thoroughly assessed. After selection, the methodological quality was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for observational studies. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to assess the level of evidence. A total of 710 studies were found, and 33 articles were considered eligible and were included for the qualitative synthesis and the level of evidence assessment. The studies confirmed the association between anxiety and DTM, although there was a low certainty of evidence among the selected studies. Most articles showed a low risk of bias. Although the limitations of this systematic review, it suggested a significant association between anxiety and TMD, as well as highlights possible directions for future research.

Machine learning analysis with population data for the associations of preterm birth with temporomandibular disorder and gastrointestinal diseases

“…As addressed above, in a similar context, a prospective study of female students before the university entrance reported a positive association between stress and TMD [ 7 ]. This positive association between stress and TMD was affirmed by a review of 33 original studies [ 8 ] and a survey of 112 participants in a general hospital [ 9 ]. This study extends the horizon of existing literature by employing explainable artificial intelligence and population data for identifying an association among PTB, TMD, GERD and antidepressant medication (depression) together.…”

Anxiety mediates association between sex and jaw function limitation in temporomandibular disorder patients from China

“…TMD is considered to be related to psychosomatic factors such as anxiety, stress, and sleep disorders ( 17 , 18 ). Among them anxiety disorders are the most common of all mental disorders.…”

Global Trends and Future Research Directions for Temporomandibular Disorders and Stem Cells

“…The etiology of TMD is still controversial. However, studies show that its origin is multifactorial, including biopsychosocial factors [ 7 , 8 ]. Risk factors that exert influence for a few years before the manifestation of TMD signs and symptoms (predisponents) must be taken into consideration, as well as those that act for the condition to develop (initiators) and those that cause the continuation of TMD (perpetuators), making it difficult for the outcome of the treatment [ 9 , 10 ].…”