Association between Time Restricted Feeding and Cognitive Status in Older Italian Adults

Currenti, Walter; Godos, Justyna; Castellano, Sabrina; Caruso, Giuseppe; Ferri, Raffaele; Caraci, Filippo; Grosso, Giuseppe; Galvano, Fabio

doi:10.3390/nu13010191

Cited by 43 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…TRE may regulate meal timing. It has been shown that TRE improved obesity and pre-type 2 diabetes by improving sleep and wellbeing [ 21 , 22 ]. Although TRE is an effective protocol for generating healthy eating habits, irregularities, such as lunch and afternoon snacks, are still under evaluation in TRE treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to note that breakfast skipping and nighttime eating delay the circadian clock and lead to obesity [ 20 ]. On the other hand, maintaining regular meal timing and following strategies such as time-restricted eating (TRE), in which the time from the first meal to the last meal in a day is restricted to a period of 8–12 h, have been reported to improve circadian clock oscillation, obesity, pre-type 2 diabetes, and cognitive function [ 21 , 22 ]. TRE has also been reported to be beneficial for aging, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Irregular Meal Timing and the Mental Health of Japanese Workers

et al. 2021

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Breakfast skipping and nighttime snacking have been identified as risk factors for obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects of irregularity of meal timing on health and daily quality of life are still unclear. In this study, a web-based self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted involving 4490 workers (73.3% males; average age = 47.4 ± 0.1 years) in Japan to investigate the association between meal habits, health, and social relationships. This study identified that irregular meal timing was correlated with higher neuroticism (one of the Big Five personality traits), lower physical activity levels, and higher productivity loss. Irregular meal timing was also associated with a higher incidence of sleep problems and lower subjective health conditions. Among health outcomes, a high correlation of irregular meal timing with mental health factors was observed. This study showed that irregularity of meal timing can be explained by unbalanced diets, frequent breakfast skipping, increased snacking frequency, and insufficient latency from the last meal to sleep onset. Finally, logistic regression analysis was conducted, and a significant contribution of meal timing irregularity to subjective mental health was found under adjustment for other confounding factors. These results suggest that irregular meal timing is a good marker of subjective mental health issues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Irregular Meal Timing and the Mental Health of Japanese Workers

et al. 2021

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“…Based on this definition, the COC fasting diet is a type of periodic diet with regularly repeated food restriction periods of various durations, covering 1 (Wednesdays and Fridays) to 41 days (Lent) (supplementary Table S1). Several studies have suggested that intermittent versus continuous energy restriction is associated with greater improvement in several health indicators, such as lipid profile, insulin resistance, leptin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, blood pressure, inflammation, resistance to stress, and so forth [37][38][39][40]. Animal studies have revealed that intermittent fasting can improve the course of several diseases such as cancer, metabolic syndrome, or cerebrovascular diseases, while they can delay the onset or slow the progression of common neurodegenerative disorders, like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Christian Orthodox Church Fasting Diet Is Associated with Lower Levels of Depression and Anxiety and a Better Cognitive Performance in Middle Life

et al. 2021

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Lifestyle choices significantly influence mental health in later life. In this study we investigated the effects of the Christian Orthodox Church (COC) fasting diet, which includes long-term regular abstinence from animal-based products for half the calendar year, on cognitive function and emotional wellbeing of healthy adults. Two groups of fasting and non-fasting individuals were evaluated regarding their cognitive performance and the presence of anxiety and depression using the Mini Mental Examination Scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), respectively. Data on physical activity, smoking, and vitamin levels were collected and correlated with mental health scoring. Negative binomial regression was performed to examine differences in the GDS scores between the two groups. Significantly lower levels of anxiety (7.48 ± 4.98 vs. 9.71 ± 5.25; p < 0.001) and depression (2.24 ± 1.77 vs. 3.5 ± 2.52; p < 0.001), along with better cognitive function (29.15 ± 0.79 vs. 28.64 ± 1.27; p < 0.001), were noticed in fasting compared to non-fasting individuals. GDS score was 31% lower (Incidence Rate Ratio: 0.69, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.56–0.85) in the fasting group compared to the control, while vitamin and ferrum levels did not differ. The COC fasting diet was found to have an independent positive impact on cognition and mood in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

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“…Studies reveal a reduction in levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), a biomarker linked to age-related cognitive deficit. Fasting may enhance synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, and neuroprotection especially by an increase in BDNF, which also affects neural precursor cells (NPC) and play a role in spatial pattern separation, a fundamental domain of learning and memory [81].…”

Section: Metabolic and Physiological Responses In Animal And Human Models 331 Effects Of Trfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasting: How to Guide

et al. 2021

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Fasting potentials are the most interesting topics in the Nutritional Era. Fasting consists of the catabolism of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates to maintain blood glucose levels in a normal range. The action mechanisms of fasting were firstly understood in minor organisms and later in humans. Nutritional interventions of caloric restriction could attenuate age-associated epigenetic alterations and could have a protective effect against cellular alterations, promoting longevity and health span. While most fasting studies point out the weight and fat mass decreases, it is important to define specific guidelines for fasting and non-fasting days to enhance adherence, minimize the dropout rates of the interventions, and maximize body composition improvement. Although the panorama of evidence on fasting and caloric restriction is wide, there is a lack of a safe fasting protocol to guide physicians in its prescription. The main goal is to identify a how to use guide, a major posology of fasting, inserted within a huge dietetic personalized strategy leading to an optimal and healthy nutritional status.

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Association between Time Restricted Feeding and Cognitive Status in Older Italian Adults

Cited by 43 publications

References 70 publications

Association between Irregular Meal Timing and the Mental Health of Japanese Workers

Association between Irregular Meal Timing and the Mental Health of Japanese Workers

The Christian Orthodox Church Fasting Diet Is Associated with Lower Levels of Depression and Anxiety and a Better Cognitive Performance in Middle Life

Fasting: How to Guide

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