Association between triglyceride–glucose index and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background Lipid and glucose metabolism abnormalities are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index is a recently developed indicator that can identify individuals at risk for NAFLD. However, the applicability of the TyG index for identifying NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of the TyG index to identify individuals at risk for NAFLD in the T2DM population. Methods A total of 2280 participants with T2DM were recruited in this cross-sectional study. The TyG index was calculated, and NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography. Binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association of the TyG index, glycemic parameters and lipid parameters with NAFLD. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that the TyG index was significantly associated with NAFLD in subjects with T2DM, the odds ratio (OR) were 3.27 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.03–5.27; P < 0.001) for NAFLD in the highest TyG quartile after adjustment for known confounders. In stratified analysis, an elevated TyG index were more remarkably associated with NAFLD in younger patients (< 65 years; OR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.83–3.02; P < 0.001), females (OR, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.67–4.32; P < 0.001), patients with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 2.01–3.91; P < 0.0001), and with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (< 1 mmol/L; OR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.98–3.83; P < 0.001). Conclusion The TyG index is significantly associated with NAFLD and shows superior ability for identify NAFLD risk compared with other lipid and glycemic parameters in T2DM.

The triglyceride glucose-waist-to-height ratio outperforms obesity and other triglyceride-related parameters in detecting prediabetes in normal-weight Qatari adults: A cross-sectional study

“…However, no evidence has been published regarding the relationship between TyG-WHTR and prediabetes in normal-weight individuals. However, in recently published studies, TyG-WHTR exceeded the commonly used anthropometric markers in predicting diabetes ( 45 , 46 ).…”

“…However, no evidence has been published regarding the relationship between TyG-WHTR and prediabetes in normal-weight individuals. However, in recently published studies, TyG-WHTR exceeded the commonly used anthropometric markers in predicting diabetes (45,46). The TyG-WHTR index's capacity to detect prediabetes was contrasted with FPG's to determine whether it could be a useful screening tool.…”

Modified triglyceride-glucose index indices are reliable markers for predicting risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study

“…Li et al. investigated the association between the TyG index and NAFLD and demonstrated that the OR for NAFLD associated with the TyG index was significantly higher in females than males (females: OR 2.69, 95% CI 1.67–4.23; males: OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.59–2.76) ( 29 ). In another study that investigated a possible dose-response association between the TyG index and the risk of NAFLD, the TyG index had a stronger association with NAFLD in females than in males (females: OR 4.80, 95% CI 3.90–5.90; males: OR 2.97, 95% CI 2.55–3.46) ( 30 ).…”

A non-linear relationship between triglyceride glucose waist circumference and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a Japanese population: a secondary analysis

“…(BMI <24kg/m^2,OR:1.010, 95% CI:1.008, 1.013)than those with higher BMI(24kg/m^2≤BMI<28kg/ m^2,OR:1.005,95%CI:1.003,1.007;BMI≥28,OR:1.004,95%CI:0.999, 1.009). Some studies suggest that the relationship between TyG index and NAFLD risk is significantly stronger in non-obese subjects than in obese subjects (13,32). It is unclear how BMI influences TyG-WC and NAFLD, but it may be related to relatively lean people's significantly reduced skeletal muscle mass.…”