Association Between Unconventional Natural Gas Development in the Marcellus Shale and Asthma Exacerbations

Rasmussen, Sara G.; Ogburn, Elizabeth L.; McCormack, Meredith C.; Casey, Joan A.; Bandeen‐Roche, Karen; Mercer, Dione G.; Schwartz, Brian S.

doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.2436

Cited by 135 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…surface emissions of air toxics occur on a regular basis, residents, livestock, and wildlife living in close proximity to emitting facilities are at elevated risk (McKenzie et al, 2012;Witter et al, 2013;Brown et al, 2014;Brown et al, 2015;Balise et al, 2016;Rasmussen et al, 2016;Chen and Carter, 2017;Tustin et al, 2017).…”

Section: Benzene Abundances and Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source apportionment of non-methane hydrocarbons, NOx and H2S data from a central monitoring station in the Eagle Ford shale, Texas

Schade

Roest

2018

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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Unconventional oil and gas exploration in the US has become a significant new source of atmospheric hydrocarbons. Field measurements and monitoring have been initiated to determine integral effects from this geographically dispersed source in and downwind of shale areas, driven mostly by concerns related to photochemical ozone production. The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) deployed its first air quality monitor near the Eagle Ford shale in south Texas in summer 2013, followed by a more centrally located monitor in winter 2014/15. Here, we report on the latter monitor’s 2015 data, showing at times extraordinarily high levels of saturated hydrocarbons, similar to earlier findings in this area. Using hydrocarbon ratios, we establish that the dominant sources at this site appear to be oil and gas exploration. A non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) analysis revealed six consistent source factors, of which two were associated with pre-existing local sources from car traffic and industry, three with regional oil and gas exploration, and one with diesel emissions. The dominant source factors were associated with evaporative and fugitive emissions, and with flaring and (diesel-powered) compressor engine emissions. The former is a major source of saturated hydrocarbons while the latter is a major source of NOxand unsaturated hydrocarbons, confirming earlier findings. Due to the rural nature of the site, road traffic is a minor NOxsource in this area, and the NMF results support inventory estimates showing oil and gas exploration to be the dominant regional source of NOxemissions. The NMF based source apportionment results also suggests that benzene levels in this rural area in 2015, while comparable to levels in Houston now, were probably three to five times lower before the shale boom.

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Section: Benzene Abundances and Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source apportionment of non-methane hydrocarbons, NOx and H2S data from a central monitoring station in the Eagle Ford shale, Texas

Schade

Roest

2018

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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“…More generally the intensity of fracking activity, perhaps because of gas leaks but perhaps from generators and other machinery used in well construction appears to be associated with greater asthma (Rasmussen et al (2016). )…”

Section: Environmental Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fracking and Mortgage Default

2017

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Abstract: This paper finds that increased hydraulic fracturing, or "fracking," along the Marcellus Formation in Pennsylvania had a significant, negative effect on mortgage credit risk. Controlling for potential endogeneity bias by utilizing the underlying geologic properties of the land as instrumental variables for fracking activity, we find that mortgages originated before the 2007 boom in shale gas, were, post-boom, significantly less likely to default in areas with greater drilling activity. The weight of evidence suggests that the greatest benefit from fracking came from strengthening the labor market, consistent with the double trigger hypothesis of mortgage default. The results also suggest that increased fracking activity raised house prices at the county-level. Terms of use: Documents inJEL classification: Q51, R11, G21

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“…A notable exception is the work of Werner et al [27] reviewing hospitalisation data up to 2011 for 3 areas in Queensland, with the finding that certain hospital admissions rates (neoplasms and blood/immune diseases) increased more quickly in the CSG area than the other study areas, after adjusting for key sociodemographic factors. In other jurisdictions, specifically the USA, increased rate and severity of asthma attacks [28], increased hospitalisation [29] for asthma, cardiac, neurological and skin conditions, increased incidence of congenital heart defects [30], childhood leukaemia [31], low birth weight [32], and early infant death [33] correlated with the presence of the unconventional gas industry. International researchers have documented significant declines in air quality correlating with gas industry activities [34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pollution and human health hazards: a compilation of air toxins acknowledged by the gas industry in Queensland’s Darling Downs

McCarron

2018

International Journal of Environmental Studies

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Association Between Unconventional Natural Gas Development in the Marcellus Shale and Asthma Exacerbations

Cited by 135 publications

References 36 publications

Source apportionment of non-methane hydrocarbons, NOx and H2S data from a central monitoring station in the Eagle Ford shale, Texas

Source apportionment of non-methane hydrocarbons, NOx and H2S data from a central monitoring station in the Eagle Ford shale, Texas

Fracking and Mortgage Default

Air Pollution and human health hazards: a compilation of air toxins acknowledged by the gas industry in Queensland’s Darling Downs

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