Association between vitamin D intake and bone mineral density in Koreans aged ≥ 50 years: analysis of the 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey using a newly established vitamin D database

Yoo, Kyoungok; Kim, Mi‐Ja; Ly, Sun Yung

doi:10.4162/nrp.2019.13.2.115

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…We speculate that higher serum vitamin D levels observed in the middle and high eCRF groups compared with the low eCRF group may be due to group differences in body fat [36] or nutritional intake [37] or outdoor activity [38,39]. In particular, the importance of the nutritional intake of vitamins D and B and calcium in relation to bone health was previously reported from recent studies using a nationwide survey data [6,37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…With a rapidly rising elderly population, osteoporosis has become a serious public health issue in both developed and developing countries [2]. The prevalence of osteoporosis is also associated with behavioral risk factors such as smoking, heavy alcohol consumption [3], dietary intake [4,5], vitamin D deficiency [6], and physical inactivity [7] in conjunction with low socio-economic status [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiorespiratory Fitness is Inversely Associated with Risk of Low Bone Mineral Density in Older Korean Men

Lee

Kim

Kang

2020

IJERPH

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Little is known regarding the association between physical fitness and bone health in older Korean men. This study investigated the relationship between estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF) and bone mineral density (BMD). This cross-sectional study included 2715 Korean men aged 50 years and older selected from those who participated in the 2008–2011 Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination and Survey. eCRF was obtained using a sex-specific algorithm developed on the basis of age, body mass index, resting heart rate, and physical activity and classified into low, middle, and high categories. Femoral neck BMD was assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for osteopenia, osteoporosis, and low BMD were calculated for eCRF categories in models fully adjusted for age, waist circumference, education, income, smoking, heavy alcohol intake, serum vitamin D, serum parathyroid hormone, and dietary intake of energy, protein, calcium, and vitamins A and C. Overall, eCRF levels were positively associated with BMD and negatively with prevalence of osteopenia, osteoporosis, and low BMD. Logistic regression showed inverse trends in the risks of osteopenia (high vs. low: OR = 0.692; 95% CI, 0.328–0.517; p = 0.049) and low BMD (high vs. low: OR = 0.669; 95% CI, 0.497–0.966; p = 0.029) by eCRF category in models fully adjusted for all the measured covariates. The current findings suggest that maintaining high eCRF via regular physical activity may contribute to attenuation of age-related loss of BMD and decreased risk for low BMD in older Korean men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiorespiratory Fitness is Inversely Associated with Risk of Low Bone Mineral Density in Older Korean Men

Lee

Kim

Kang

2020

IJERPH

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“…We observed that vitamin D and calcium supplementation affected BMD but not serum 25(OH)D, calcium and iPTH levels, as vitamin D is an essential vitamin to maintain PTH levels to stabilize serum calcium [48,49]. It has been reported that increased vitamin D and/ or calcium intakes have been associated with a positive correlation with BMD despite the normal calcium levels which are controlled by several factors, such as serum albumin and acid‐base status [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on bone mineral density among Thai youth using daily HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis

Pornpaisalsakul

Songtaweesin

Tepmongkol

et al. 2020

J. Intern. AIDS Soc.

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Introduction: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate with emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) is used for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). TDF may affect bone mineral density (BMD), particularly in youth who are at a stage of peak bone mass accrual. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on BMD among Thai youth receiving daily oral PrEP. Methods: This open-label randomized trial was conducted in male youth aged between 15 and 24 years. Participants were randomized to Arm A who received once-daily TDF/FTC plus vitamin D3 and calcium supplementation with meals twice daily (400 units of vitamin D3 and 1200 mg of elemental calcium/day) or Arm B who received once-daily TDF/FTC only. PrEP users were defined as taking at least two tablets/week (tenofovir-diphosphate level of >350 fmol/punch). Adherence to vitamin D/calcium supplementation was defined as self-reported adherence of >50%. Lumbar spine (L2-L4) BMD (LSBMD) was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan zero and six months after PrEP initiation. Results: From March 2019 to March 2020, 100 youth were enrolled. Baseline characteristics between the two arms were similar. Median (IQR) age was 18 (17 to 20) years. At entry, median (IQR) LSBMD z-score was −0.8 (−1.5 to −0.3), 17% had low LSBMD (Z-score < −2). The median amount of calcium intake from nutritional three-day recall was 167 (IQR 94 to 272) mg/day, 39% of participants had vitamin D deficiency, defined as 25(OH)D levels <20 IU/mL. At six months, 79 participants were evaluated. Of these, 42 (52%) were PrEP takers and 25 of 38 (66%) of arm A participants had good adherence to vitamin D/calcium supplementation. Significantly higher proportions of youth in arm A compared to arm B had >3% increase in LSBMD at month 6 compared to baseline (67.6% vs. 42.9% respectively; p = 0.03). There were significantly higher increases in LSBMD among youth with vitamin D deficiency who were supplemented; arm A + 0.05 (0 to 0.05) compared to arm B + 0.03 (−0.1 to 0.03), p = 0.04. Conclusions: Increases in LSBMD over six months among youth using PrEP who received vitamin D/calcium supplementation was greater than those not supplemented. Long-term follow-up should be considered to explore long-term outcomes. Keywords: HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis; young men who have sex with men; young transgender women; bone mineral density; vitamin D; calcium Additional information may be found under the Supporting Information tab for this article.

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“…This study was conducted to determine the vitamin D intake in Korean adults using the 2009–2011 KNHANES and the vitamin D food database established in our laboratory [ 13 21 24 ], and its relationship to serum 25(OH)D or BMD. Although the data for each year were analyzed in our previous study, the relationship between vitamin D intake and BMD and serum levels of vitamin D was not established due to the exclusion of large number of participants who did not meet the study criteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D intake and bone mineral density in Korean adults: analysis of the 2009–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

et al. 2022

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Koreans is quite high; however, until recently, Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) had not analyzed the vitamin D intake among Koreans. Additionally, the Korean Dietary Reference Intake for vitamin D was established based on insufficient evidence. Therefore, we investigated vitamin D intake and its relationship with bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean adults using the combined data from the 2009–2011 KNHANES. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted in 11,949 healthy adults. Vitamin D intake was assessed using a 24-h recall method, and the BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) was 64% in men and 77% in women. In women aged ≥ 50 yrs and men aged < 50 yrs, there was a significant positive correlation between vitamin D intake and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level after sun exposure adjustment. The BMD of postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 yrs with a vitamin D intake of 5 µg/day or more was significantly higher than that of women with intake less than 5 µg/day. After adjusting for age, energy, and calcium intake, the vitamin D intake of the osteoporotic group was significantly lower than that of the osteopenia group in women. CONCLUSIONS Since the relationship between vitamin D intake and BMD was observed in women aged ≥ 50 yrs, further research is needed to clarify these findings using cohort or randomized controlled trials.

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Association between vitamin D intake and bone mineral density in Koreans aged ≥ 50 years: analysis of the 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey using a newly established vitamin D database

Cited by 13 publications

References 39 publications

Cardiorespiratory Fitness is Inversely Associated with Risk of Low Bone Mineral Density in Older Korean Men

Cardiorespiratory Fitness is Inversely Associated with Risk of Low Bone Mineral Density in Older Korean Men

Effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on bone mineral density among Thai youth using daily HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis

Vitamin D intake and bone mineral density in Korean adults: analysis of the 2009–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

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