Association Mapping of Flowering and Height Traits in Germplasm Enhancement of Maize Doubled Haploid (GEM‐DH) Lines

Vanous, Adam; Gardner, C; Blanco, Michael; Martin-Schwarze, Adam; Lipka, Alexander E.; Flint-García, Sherry; Bohn, Martin; Edwards, Jode W.; Lübberstedt, Thomas

doi:10.3835/plantgenome2017.09.0083

Cited by 37 publications

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“…Previously, an F 2:3 population, RILs, near isogenic lines (NILs), and DH lines have been used to dissect the genetic basis of quantitative traits in maize [3][4][5][19][20][21][22] . Among the segregating types of populations used for QTL mapping, the F 2:3 population represents an early generation (transient group), which often affects the accuracy of QTL mapping.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping of QTL for Grain Yield Components Based on a DH Population in Maize

Yang

Liu

Chen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The elite maize hybrid Zhengdan 958 (ZD958), which has high and stable yield and extensive adaptability, is widely grown in China. To elucidate the genetic basis of yield and its related traits in this elite hybrid, a set of doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from ZD958 were evaluated in four different environments at two locations over two years, and a total of 49 quantitative trait loci (QTL) and 24 pairs of epistatic interactions related to yield and yield components were detected. Furthermore, 21 QTL for six investigated phenotypic traits were detected across two different sites. Combining the results of these QTL in each environment and across both sites, three main QTL hotspots were found in chromosomal bins 2.02, 2.05-2.06, and 6.05 between the simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers umc1165-bnlg1017, umc1065-umc1637, and nc012-bnlg345, respectively. The existence of three QTL hotspots associated with various traits across multiple environments could be explained by pleiotropic QTL or multiple tightly linked QTL. These genetic regions could provide targets for genetic improvement, fine mapping, and marker-assisted selection in future studies. Maize is one of the most important food and feed crops in the world and plays an important role in ensuring food security. In maize breeding, increasing grain yield is the primary objective. Because grain yield is a complex quantitative trait controlled by multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL) with small effects that are affected by significant genotype-by-environment (G × E) interactions 1-3 , the heritability of grain yield is usually lower than those of other traits, such as plant height, ear height, ear length (EL), ear row number (ERN), and 100 kernel weight (HKW) 4-7. A low heritability indicates that a trait is affected by not only genotype but also G × E interactions 8. Thus, multi-environment trials are necessary to reach reliable conclusions. In previous studies, EL, ERN, HKW, ear diameter (ED), kernel number per row (KNR), kernel percentage (KP), and kernel weight per ear (KWE) were proven to be important yield components in maize, and these traits were positively correlated with grain yield 6,9-11. Yield components usually have higher heritabilities; for example, in the study of Flint-Garcia et al. 8 , the heritabilities of ERN and EL were 90.5% and 87.2%, respectively, whereas the heritability of grain yield was only 83.7%. In another study, the heritability of grain yield (81%) was also lower than those of its components KNR, EL, and HKW (91%, 86%, and 84%, respectively) 12. Ma et al. 5 also found that grain yield had the lowest broad-sense heritability of 77.4% compared to its three components ERN (88.2%), EL (84.6%), and HKW (84.9%). Thus, selection for yield components could be more effective than direct selection for grain yield itself. QTL mapping has been widely used to detect the genetic basis underlying yield components in maize 4,9,13-16 , and multiple QTL for grain yield components have been detected, but most of them made minor contributions to ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, DH populations are produced in only two generations. Thus, DH populations are increasingly used for mapping experiments in various species [19][20][21][22][23][24] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Mapping of QTL for Grain Yield Components Based on a DH Population in Maize

Yang

Liu

Chen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Variation in flowering-time is often linked to variation in developmental traits such as plant height, ear height (in maize), seed yield, seed quality traits, leaf number, cell wall composition, and secondary growth [Melzer et al., 2008 ( Arabidopsis ); Durand et al., 2012 (maize); Vanous et al., 2018 (maize); Cober and Morrison, 2010 (soybean); Shen et al., 2018 ( Brassica napus ); Copley et al., 2018 (soybean); Petit et al., in preparation (hemp)]. Members of the FT gene family may be involved in these pleiotropic effects (see above), but also other genes operating in signaling networks may connect flowering traits with development and growth.…”

Section: Pleiotropic Effects and Carbon Partitioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complex Interactions Between Flowering Behavior and Fiber Quality in Hemp

2019

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Hemp, Cannabis sativa L., is a sustainable multipurpose fiber crop with high nutrient and water use efficiency and with biomass of excellent quality for textile fibers and construction materials. The yield and quality of hemp biomass are largely determined by the genetic background of the hemp cultivar but are also strongly affected by environmental factors, such as temperature and photoperiod. Hemp is a facultative short-day plant, characterized by a strong adaptation to photoperiod and a great influence of environmental factors on important agronomic traits such as “flowering-time” and “sex determination.” This sensitivity of hemp can cause a considerable degree of heterogeneity, leading to unforeseen yield reductions. Fiber quality for instance is influenced by the developmental stage of hemp at harvest. Also, male and female plants differ in stature and produce fibers with different properties and quality. Next to these causes, there is evidence for specific genotypic variation in fiber quality among hemp accessions. Before improved hemp cultivars can be developed, with specific flowering-times and fiber qualities, and adapted to different geographical regions, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling important phenological traits such as “flowering-time” and “sex determination” in relation to fiber quality in hemp is required. It is well known that genetic factors play a major role in the outcome of both phenological traits, but the major molecular factors involved in this mechanism are not characterized in hemp. Genome sequences and transcriptome data are available but their analysis mainly focused on the cannabinoid pathway for medical purposes. Herein, we review the current knowledge of phenotypic and genetic data available for “flowering-time,” “sex determination,” and “fiber quality” in short-day and dioecious crops, respectively, and compare them with the situation in hemp. A picture emerges for several controlling key genes, for which natural genetic variation may lead to desired flowering behavior, including examples of pleiotropic effects on yield quality and on carbon partitioning. Finally, we discuss the prospects for using this knowledge for the molecular breeding of this sustainable crop via a candidate gene approach.

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“…Doubled haploid (DH) technology has gradually become one of the three core technologies of modern breeding programmes, along with transgenic and molecular marker‐assisted breeding technologies (Chen, Li, Li, & Xu, ). Moreover, DH technology enables opportunities for characterizing and utilizing the genetic diversity present in Genbank accessions of maize (Strigens, Schipprack, Reif, & Melchinger, ; Vanous et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic dissection of haploid male fertility in maize (Zea mays L.)

Yang

Chen

et al. 2019

Plant Breeding

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Haploid genome doubling is a key limiting step of haploid breeding in maize. Spontaneous restoration of haploid male fertility (HMF) provides a more promising method than the artificial doubling process. To reveal the genetic basis of HMF, haploids were obtained from the offspring of 285 F2:3 families, derived from the cross Zheng58 × K22. The F2:3 families were used as the female donor and Yu high inducer No. 1 (YHI‐1) as the male inducer line. The rates of HMF from each family line were evaluated at two field sites over two planting seasons. HMF displayed incomplete dominance. Transgressive segregation of haploids from F2:3 families was observed relative to haploids derived from the two parents of the mapping population. A total of nine quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected, which were distributed on chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 7 and 8. Three major QTL, qHMF3b, qHMF7a and qHMF7b were detected in both locations, respectively. These QTL could be useful to predict the ability of spontaneous haploid genome doubling, and to accelerate the haploid breeding process by introgression or aggregation of those QTL.

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Association Mapping of Flowering and Height Traits in Germplasm Enhancement of Maize Doubled Haploid (GEM‐DH) Lines

Cited by 37 publications

References 85 publications

Mapping of QTL for Grain Yield Components Based on a DH Population in Maize

Mapping of QTL for Grain Yield Components Based on a DH Population in Maize

The Complex Interactions Between Flowering Behavior and Fiber Quality in Hemp

Genetic dissection of haploid male fertility in maize (Zea mays L.)

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