Association of ABO and Rh blood groups with obstetric outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 infected pregnancies: A prospective study with a multivariate analysis

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the influence of ABO and Rh blood groups on morbidity among SARS-CoV-2 infected pregnancies. Design Prospective observational study. Setting 78 centers of the Spanish Obstetric Emergency Group. Population Pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 tested with polymerase-chain-reaction between 26-February and 5-November, 2020. A cohort of 1,278 SARS-CoV-2(+) pregnant women was analyzed and a concurrent comparison group of 1,453 SARS-COV-2(-) patients was established. Methods Data were collected from medical charts. SARS-COV-2(+) was compared with SARS-COV-2(-) for differences in distribution of blood groups. We performed multivariate analysis, controlling for maternal age and ethnicity, to evaluate association of ABO and Rh blood groups with maternal and perinatal outcomes in SARS-CoV-2(+) patients with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Main outcomes measures Medical morbidity: Symptomatic COVID-19 and medical complications. Obstetric outcomes: caesarean delivery, preterm deliveries, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), hemorrhagic events, pre-eclampsia, maternal and neonatal mortality, stillbirth. Results Differences were noted between blood types and Rh for age and ethnicity comparing SARS-CoV-2(+) and SARS-CoV-2(-) groups (p<0.05). Among the SARS-CoV-2(+) cohort, the odds of symptomatic COVID-19 and obstetric hemorrhagic event were higher in Rh+ vs Rh- mothers (aOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.02-2.14, p=0.037, and aOR 8.72, 95% CI 1.20-63.57, p=0.033, respectively), and PPROM were higher among blood type A vs non-A mothers (aOR 2.06, 95% CI 1.01-4.18, p=0.046). Conclusions In SARS-CoV-2(+) pregnant women, Rh- status was associated with a lower risk of symptomatic COVID-19, while Rh+ and blood group A were associated with obstetric hemorrhage and PPROM, respectively. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Among pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2, blood group A and Rh+ are associated with medical and obstetric morbidity.

ABO Blood Group in Relation to COVID-19 Susceptibility and Clinical Outcomes: A Retrospective Observational Study in the United Arab Emirates

“…However, recent studies reported that blood group O is more linked to a reduced risk of COVID-19 than non-O blood groups. In contrast, blood group A is linked to higher odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe outcomes [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]; similar findings were observed regarding the risk of cardiovascular complications among patients with blood group O versus patients with blood group A [ 13 ].…”

“…However, we found that COVID-19 patients of blood group B with RH positivity had a shorter time until viral clearance than other blood groups. Still, recent reports observed the protective effect of RH negativity against susceptibility to infection, intubation, and mortality among COVID-19 patients [ 12 , 18 ]; this inconsistency highlights the need to explore the impact of RH positivity among COVID-19 patients.…”

Blood Type Associated with the Risk of COVID-19 Infection in Pregnant Women

“…In a study conducted in Spain, including exclusively pregnant women, the proportion of asymptomatic women was significantly higher in non-O groups when compared with the O group. Nevertheless, no disease severity between groups was observed in symptomatic women [ 23 ]. Another study carried out in Romania included exclusively pregnant women.…”

Vai Trò, Ứng Dụng Lâm Sàng Của Hệ Nhóm Máu ABO Và Rh

“…COVID-19: Mức độ nghiêm trọng của bệnh ở những người mắc bệnh Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) và khả năng nhiễm virus SARS-CoV-2 đã được báo cáo là thay đổi theo nhóm máu ABO, với những người thuộc nhóm A và AB có nguy cơ cao hơn và nhóm O có nguy cơ thấp hơn [3], [4], [9], [10]. Tuy nhiên, việc lựa chọn nhóm chứng vẫn còn bị nghi ngờ, và tỷ lệ tử vong dường như không thay đổi theo nhóm máu [4]. Một giả thuyết cho rằng sự hiện diện của KT IgG, thay vì nhóm máu, có thể là nguyên nhân dẫn đến sự khác biệt về tỷ lệ nhiễm trùng hoặc mức độ nghiêm trọng của bệnh [13].…”