Association of ABO blood groups with type-2 diabetes mellitus and its complications

Abstract

Background: As type 2 DM has posed challenging and formidable problem globally lots of scientific research work have been targeted and concepts are evolving every other day to unleash newer etiological factor in its causation and side by side risk factors so that proper aggressive strategy can be instituted to contain the disease at the very outset. Keeping these ideas in the back of our mind we embarked upon this small but compact path finding study. Methodology:The study conducted in the Dept. of Endocrinology, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata. Patients suffering from Type-2 DM (diagnosed by ADA criterion) attending our diabetic clinic and diabetic patients admitted including the Dept. of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine were selected for this study. Study was conducted from March 2013 to December 2014. 276, Type-2 diabetic patients and 117 healthy control subjects among the relative of patients and volunteers were selected for this study to compare distribution of ABO blood groups. All the study subjects were selected by random sampling technique. ABO blood grouping (determined by using Tulip Diagnostic Kit). Screening of complications done by appropriate clinical examinations and laboratory investigations.Results: Total 276 patients with type 2 DM were included in this study. Of those 276 diabetic patients 152(55%) were male and 124(45%) were female. 117 healthy control subjects among the relative of patients and volunteers were selected for this study to compare distribution of ABO blood groups. Mean age of diabetic patient was 50.46(±10.38) and non-diabetic control subjects was 40.52(±12.21). Mean BMI was 24.18(±3.77) in diabetic subjects and was 25.40(±3.92) in control population. Chi-square statistical analysis among different blood groups between non-diabetic (n=111) and diabetic population (N=276) revealed no significant relationship of any blood group with type 2 DM (p˃0.05). But relative risk (RR) were calculated in reference to blood group O, it has been observed that slight increase of risk of developing type 2 DM among AB( RR 1.075), A(1.044) and B(1.033).With regards to distribution of patients (in number) with type 2 DM with different microvascular complications, Nephropathy was the most common complication observed among different blood groups (37.2% in B, 36.6% in O, 36.5% in A and 34.5% in AB).Further exploring the association between specific blood groups in type 2 diabetes subjects and microvascular complications, no significant association observed with type 2 DM and neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy (p˃0.05). However, taking blood group O as a reference group, Blood group AB (RR 0.583 and blood group A(RR0.698) were less likely to develop neuropathy compare to blood group O. However no difference in relative risk found for development of nephropathy and retinopathy. Conclusion:We found that person with O+ve blood group has least chance of developing Type 2 DM whereas subject with AB+ve blood group are more vulnerable to develop Type 2 DM. Therefore, the effects of blood group...

Distribution of ABO and Rhesus Blood groups among Type-2 Diabetic subjects

“…They observed that blood group "B +ve" was more frequent in diabetic patients (30.8%) compared to the control group (24.9%). Mandal B et al (11) have found that people with O +ve blood group have the least chance of developing T2DM. Similar observations were also seen when the distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups in males and females were separately analysed (refer Pie charts 1-12) in the present study, suggesting that blood group B +ve has the highest risk for T2DM among both genders.…”

Higher Odds of Type 2 Diabetes for Some Blood Groups

“…The relationship between blood group and diabetes was not statistically significant, according to Ebeye et al [24], but the percentage of blood group A and blood group O in the case group (diabetic patients) was the lowest and the highest among the blood groups, respectively. Mandal et al [22] concluded that no statistically significant relationship was observed between blood groups in the diabetic and non-diabetic population. However, relative risk was calculated among the blood groups AB (1.075), A (1.044) and B (1.033) compared to the blood group O.…”

“…Then, the multivariate regression model is applied and the odds ratios based on the multivariate model results were calculated and reported. In the multivariate regression model, blood group O is considered as the reference group according to the same pervious study [22]. Software SPSS V.21 was used for statistical analysis and the significance level was set at 0.05.…”

“…In most of the similar studies, no relationship between these two variables and diabetes was reported. Mandal et al [22] analyzed the BMI obtaining the following results: 48% of the participants had a normal BMI (18.5 to < 25) and only 10% of the participants were obese (BMI > 30). The average BMI in the case group (24.18 ± 3.77) was not significantly different compared with the control group (25.40 ± 3.92), and its relationship with diabetes was not specified in their study [22].…”

An Analytical Study on Associated Type-II Diabetic Mellitus with ABO Rhesus Blood Groups

“…India is the country with the largest number of diabetic people with around 32 million in 2015 and is predicted to be increased to 80 million by the year 2030 (Oner et al, 2016). Type-II DM results in failure of multiple organ systems, thus leading to morbidity and mortality, imposing a major burden on the patient and the health care team (Mandal et al, 2018). Many studies were conducted to determine an imaginable suggestion among ABO and Rh blood groups and Type-II DM and reported that there is a strong relation between Type-II DM and ABO blood groups (Ganesan and Gani, 2014).…”