Association of Adherence to a Healthy Diet with Cognitive Decline in European and American Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis within the CHANCES Consortium

Berendsen, A. M.; Kang, Jae H.; Rest, Ondine van de; Jankovic, Nicole; Kampman, Ellen; Jong, Jessica C. Kiefte‐de; Franco, Oscar H.; Ikram, M. Arfan; Pikhart, Hynek; Nilsson, Lena; Brenner, Hermann; Boffetta, Paolo; Rafnsson, Snorri Björn; Gustafson, Deborah; Kyrozis, Andreas; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Feskens, Edith J. M.; Grodstein, Francine; Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M. de

doi:10.1159/000464269

Cited by 381 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…As part of the CHANCES consortium, we found that adherence to a healthy diet was not associated with cognitive decline [ 119 ] but that adherence to the WCRF/AICR Dietary Recommendations for cancer prevention was associated with a lower risk cancer in older individuals, in particular colorectal and prostate cancer [ 120 ].…”

Section: Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rotterdam Study: 2018 update on objectives, design and main results

et al. 2017

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The Rotterdam Study is a prospective cohort study ongoing since 1990 in the city of Rotterdam in The Netherlands. The study targets cardiovascular, endocrine, hepatic, neurological, ophthalmic, psychiatric, dermatological, otolaryngological, locomotor, and respiratory diseases. As of 2008, 14,926 subjects aged 45 years or over comprise the Rotterdam Study cohort. Since 2016, the cohort is being expanded by persons aged 40 years and over. The findings of the Rotterdam Study have been presented in over 1500 research articles and reports (see www.erasmus-epidemiology.nl/rotterdamstudy). This article gives the rationale of the study and its design. It also presents a summary of the major findings and an update of the objectives and methods.

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Section: Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rotterdam Study: 2018 update on objectives, design and main results

et al. 2017

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“…Recommendations for F&V and WG consumption have been guided by broader impacts of diet on human health, including the association of plant-based diets with a reduced risk of chronic and degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, age-related macular degeneration, neurocognitive diseases, and cancer (Aune et al 2016, Berendsen et al 2017, Boeing et al 2012, Satija et al 2017) (Table 2). These protective effects have been associated with both essential and nonessential nutrients (i.e., phytochemicals) (Cheng et al 2017, Knekt et al 2002, Marx et al 2017.…”

Section: Fruits Vegetables and Whole Grains As Sources Of Nutrients A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of Food Processing in Translation of Dietary Guidance for Whole Grains, Fruits, and Vegetables

Hayes

Ferruzzi

2019

Annu. Rev. Food Sci. Technol.

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The Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommend the consumption of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables as part of a healthy diet. However, current consumption patterns suggest that most Americans are not meeting these recommendations. The challenge remains to align the DGA guidance with the food environment and consumers’ expectations for product quality, availability, and affordability. Currently, processed foods play an increasingly important role in American diets. Often characterized as unhealthy, processed foods are contributors to both food and nutritional security. When the alignment of processing strategies with DGA principles exists, achieving DGA goals is more likely, regardless of processing level. In this review, select processing strategies for whole grains, fruits, and vegetables are described to show how DGA principles can guide processing efforts to create healthier products. Although whole grains, supported by industry-wide innovation and guidance, have had some success with consumers, improving intake of fruit and vegetable products remains a challenge. Closing consumption gaps requires new innovations and products aligned with consumer preferences and DGA principles.

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“…The WHO guidelines do not primarily focus on reducing the risk of cognitive decline and dementia ( 24 ). Two cross-sectional studies have shown higher adherence to the WHO guidelines to be associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment in older people ( 26 , 27 ), whereas 1 longitudinal study did not find any relation ( 28 ). The purpose of the Dutch dietary guidelines is to prevent chronic diseases, including dementia and cognitive decline ( 25 ), but adherence to these guidelines has not been studied in relation to cognitive function before.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Adherence to dietary guidelines and cognitive decline from middle age: the Doetinchem Cohort Study

Nooyens

Yildiz

Hendriks

et al. 2021

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background Diet, in particular the Mediterranean diet, has been associated with better cognitive function and less cognitive decline in older populations. Objectives To quantify associations of a healthy diet, defined by adherence to either the Mediterranean diet, the WHO guidelines, or Dutch Health Council dietary guidelines, with cognitive function and cognitive decline from middle age into old age. Methods From the Doetinchem Cohort Study, a large population-based longitudinal study, 3644 participants (51% females) aged 45–75 y at baseline, were included. Global cognitive function, memory, processing speed, and cognitive flexibility were assessed at 5-y time intervals up to 20-y follow-up. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was measured with the modified Mediterranean Diet Score (mMDS), adherence to the WHO dietary guidelines with the Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI), and adherence to the Dutch Health Council dietary guidelines 2015 with the modified Dutch Healthy Diet 2015 index (mDHD15-index). The scores on the dietary indices were classified in tertiles (low, medium, high adherence). Linear mixed models were used to model level and change in cognitive function by adherence to healthy diets. Results The highest tertiles of the mMDS, HDI, and mDHD15-index were associated with better cognitive function compared with the lowest tertiles (P values <0.01), for instance at age 65 y equal to being 2 y cognitively younger in global cognition. In addition, compared with the lowest tertiles, the highest tertiles of the mMDS, HDI, and mDHD15-index were statistically significantly associated with 6–7% slower global cognitive decline from age 55 to 75 y, but also slower decline in processing speed (for mMDS: 10%; 95% CI: 2, 18%; for mDHD15: 12%; 95% CI: 6, 21%) and cognitive flexibility (for mDHD15: 10%; 95% CI: 4, 18%). Conclusions Healthier dietary habits, determined by higher adherence to dietary guidelines, are associated with better cognitive function and slower cognitive decline with aging from middle age onwards.

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Association of Adherence to a Healthy Diet with Cognitive Decline in European and American Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis within the CHANCES Consortium

Cited by 381 publications

References 51 publications

The Rotterdam Study: 2018 update on objectives, design and main results

The Rotterdam Study: 2018 update on objectives, design and main results

The Roles of Food Processing in Translation of Dietary Guidance for Whole Grains, Fruits, and Vegetables

Adherence to dietary guidelines and cognitive decline from middle age: the Doetinchem Cohort Study

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