Association of adipokines and estradiol with bone and carotid calcifications in postmenopausal women

Abstract

The adipokines are associated with vascular calcification and low BMD. Moreover, estradiol was not independently associated with BMD or CAC.

Associations between circulating adipokines and bone mineral density in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study

“…Weiss et al [ 31 ] reported that leptin predicted an increase in BMD in postmenopausal women but not older men after adjustment for age, BMI, and other bone related factors. In addition, several clinical studies reported no association between leptin and BMD or BMD change [ 32 , 33 ]. It was noteworthy that these studies mentioned above were conducted in healthy persons.…”

Stenosis of the carotid artery in women with ischemic stroke and markers of inflammation

“…Факторами, ассоциированными со стенозами у женщин (в отличие от мужчин), являлись более низкий уровень образования и физической активности, большая встречаемость компонентов метаболического синдрома, ниже уровень холе-стерина липопротеинов высокой плотности, чаще -абдоминальное ожирение, повышение индекса массы тела и наличие депрессии [13]. С другой стороны, в недавних исследованиях [14][15] уровень эстрадиола у женщин в постменопаузе не коррелировал с выраженностью кальциноза КА или толщиной КИМ в общей сонной артерии. В тех исследованиях, где отмечена ассоциация низкого уровня эстрадиола с маркерами субклинического атеросклероза [16], она не была независимой, а опосредовалась уровнем артериального давления и холестерина липопротеинов низкой плотности.…”

Positive Association of High Leptin Level and Abdominal Aortic Calcification in Men ― The Prospective MINOS Study ―

“…14,15 Data on the effect of smoking and its cessation on leptin levels are discordant, even after adjustment for weight. 6,[16][17][18][19] Several mechanisms of the effect of tobacco on AAC are raised: insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress. 14,30 The link between leptin, smoking and AAC is unclear; however, our data suggested that tobacco and leptin contribute additively to AAC development and independently of each other, being involved in different mechanisms.…”

“…High levels of serum leptin have been associated with measures of cardiovascular risk (calcification of aortic valve, carotid artery or coronary arteries, number of stenotic coronary vessels), [6][7][8][9][10]36 but the data are limited, inconsistent and mainly from cross-sectional studies. AAC is interesting because severe AAC and rapid AAC progression strongly predict cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.…”

“…4,5 In patients with calcific aortic valve disease, leptin is expressed mainly in the calcified aortic wall. 5 Although clinical studies show that patients with calcification of the aortic valve or carotid artery have higher leptin levels, 5,6 data on the association between serum leptin levels and coronary artery calcification are according to the Declaration of Helsinki (1983). The men (n=783) provided informed consent and blood was collected in 1995-1996.…”