Association of aflatoxin with gallbladder cancer in a case‐control study nested within a Chinese cohort

Koshiol, Jill; Zhu, Bin; Wang, Renwei; Hildesheim, Allan; Gao, Yu‐Tang; Egner, Patricia A.; Yuan, Jian‐Min; Groopman, John D.

doi:10.1002/ijc.34755

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Aflatoxin Case-control 2.0 (1.0-3.9) [48,49] Age N/A N/A [48] Anatomical anomalies of the intraand extrahepatic bile ducts N/A N/A [48] elucidation of functional roles and underlying mechanisms, and development of robust assays suitable for routine clinical use. Additionally, factors such as sample heterogeneity, inter-individual variability, and technical limitations may affect the accuracy and reliability of ncRNA-based biomarker assays.…”

Section: Risk Factor Study Design Risk Estimate (95% Ci) Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Future Therapeutic Targets for Directed Molecular Therapies in Cholangiocarcinoma

Heumann,

Albert,

Gülow

et al. 2024

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We conducted a comprehensive review of the current literature of published data, clinical trials (MEDLINE; ncbi.pubmed.com), congress contributions (asco.org; esmo.org), and active recruiting clinical trains (clinicaltrial.gov) on targeted therapies in cholangiocarcinoma. Palliative treatment regimens were analyzed as well as preoperative and perioperative treatment options. We summarized the current knowledge for each mutation and molecular pathway that is or has been under clinical evaluation and discussed the results on the background of current treatment guidelines. We established and recommended targeted treatment options that already exist for second-line settings, including IDH-, BRAF-, and NTRK-mutated tumors, as well as for FGFR2 fusion, HER2/neu-overexpression, and microsatellite instable tumors. Other options for targeted treatment include EGFR- or VEGF-dependent pathways, which are known to be overexpressed or dysregulated in this cancer type and are currently under clinical investigation. Targeted therapy in CCA is a hallmark of individualized medicine as these therapies aim to specifically block pathways that promote cancer cell growth and survival, leading to tumor shrinkage and improved patient outcomes based on the molecular profile of the tumor.

show abstract

Section: Risk Factor Study Design Risk Estimate (95% Ci) Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Future Therapeutic Targets for Directed Molecular Therapies in Cholangiocarcinoma

Heumann,

Albert,

Gülow

et al. 2024

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This chronic inflammation induces mediator release, which in the long term may cause gene alterations, ultimately leading to carcinogenesis[ 15 ] through previous mucosal damage, metaplasia and dysplasia[ 12 ]. Among other notable predisposing factors for GB carcinogenesis are mutated genes, mainly TP53 (up to 91%) and KRAS (29.0%)[ 15 , 19 , 20 ], GB wall calcification (porcelain GB) or mainly mucosal microcalcifications, GB neoplastic true polyps ≥ 1 cm in size[ 12 , 16 ] and aflatoxin[ 21 ] or the older contrast medium Thorotrast[ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New trends in diagnosis and management of gallbladder carcinoma

Pavlidis,

Galanis,

Pavlidis

2024

World J Gastrointest Oncol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gallbladder (GB) carcinoma, although relatively rare, is the most common biliary tree cholangiocarcinoma with aggressiveness and poor prognosis. It is closely associated with cholelithiasis and long-standing large (> 3 cm) gallstones in up to 90% of cases. The other main predisposing factors for GB carcinoma include molecular factors such as mutated genes, GB wall calcification (porcelain) or mainly mucosal microcalcifications, and GB polyps ≥ 1 cm in size. Diagnosis is made by ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and, more precisely, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Preoperative staging is of great importance in decision-making regarding therapeutic management. Preoperative staging is based on MRI findings, the leading technique for liver metastasis imaging, enhanced three-phase CT angiography, or magnetic resonance angiography for major vessel assessment. It is also necessary to use positron emission tomography (PET)-CT or 18F-FDG PET-MRI to more accurately detect metastases and any other occult deposits with active metabolic uptake. Staging laparoscopy may detect dissemination not otherwise found in 20%-28.6% of cases. Multimodality treatment is needed, including surgical resection, targeted therapy by biological agents according to molecular testing gene mapping, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. It is of great importance to understand the updated guidelines and current treatment options. The extent of surgical intervention depends on the disease stage, ranging from simple cholecystectomy (T1a) to extended resections and including extended cholecystectomy (T1b), with wide lymph node resection in every case or IV-V segmentectomy (T2), hepatic trisegmentectomy or major hepatectomy accompanied by hepaticojejunostomy Roux-Y, and adjacent organ resection if necessary (T3). Laparoscopic or robotic surgery shows fewer postoperative complications and equivalent oncological outcomes when compared to open surgery, but much attention must be paid to avoiding injuries. In addition to surgery, novel targeted treatment along with immunotherapy and recent improvements in radiotherapy and chemotherapy (neoadjuvant-adjuvant capecitabine, cisplatin, gemcitabine) have yielded promising results even in inoperable cases calling for palliation (T4). Thus, individualized treatment must be applied.

show abstract

Risk Factors and Prognostic Factors in GBC

Tirca,

Savin,

Stroescu

et al. 2024

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare entity with a poor prognosis, usually discovered late due to nonspecific symptoms; therefore, over the last years, attention has been focused on identifying the risk factors for developing this malignancy in order to provide an early diagnosis, as well as new prognostic factors in order to modulate the long-term evolution of such cases. The aim of this review is to discuss both major risk factors and prognostic factors in GBC for a better understanding and integration of relevant and currently available information. Methods: A literature search was performed using Cochrane Library, PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, and Web of Science; studies published after the year of 2000, in English, were reviewed. Results: Over time, risk factors associated with the development of GBC have been identified, which outline the profile of patients with this disease. The most important prognostic factors in GBC remain TNM staging, safety margin, and R0 status, along with perineural invasion and lymphovascular invasion. Both the technique and experience of the surgeons and a pathological examination that ensures final staging are particularly important and increase the chances of survival of the patients. Conclusions: improvements in surgical techniques and pathological analyses might provide better and more consistent guidance for medical staff in the management of patients with GBC.

show abstract

Association of aflatoxin with gallbladder cancer in a case‐control study nested within a Chinese cohort

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Current and Future Therapeutic Targets for Directed Molecular Therapies in Cholangiocarcinoma

Current and Future Therapeutic Targets for Directed Molecular Therapies in Cholangiocarcinoma

New trends in diagnosis and management of gallbladder carcinoma

Risk Factors and Prognostic Factors in GBC

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About