Association of blood metals with anxiety among adults: A nationally representative cross-sectional study

Chen, Kaiju; Tan, Meitao; Li, Ying; Song, Shanshan; Meng, Xiaojing

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.026

Journal of Affective Disorders

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.026

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Association of blood metals with anxiety among adults: A nationally representative cross-sectional study

Kaiju Chen,

Meitao Tan,

Ying Li

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

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Association between the levels of toxic heavy metals and schizophrenia in the population of Guangxi, China: A case-control study

Shen,

Lu,

et al. 2024

Environmental Pollution

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Association between the levels of toxic heavy metals and schizophrenia in the population of Guangxi, China: A case-control study

Shen,

Lu,

et al. 2024

Environmental Pollution

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Letter to the editor—Association between ethylene oxide levels and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2013–2018 database

Wang,

Ma,

Wang

et al. 2024

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Association of blood cadmium, lead, and mercury with anxiety: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2007–2012

Bai,

Wen,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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ObjectivesThe purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between blood levels of cadmium, lead, and mercury and anxiety in American adults.MethodsBlood metals and self-reported anxiety days were extracted from laboratory data and questionnaire data, respectively, using NHANES data from 2007–2012. Weighted logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between cadmium, lead and mercury with anxiety. Restricted cubic spline was used to visualize the non-linear relationship between metal concentrations and anxiety. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was used to investigate the effect of combined exposure to the three metals on anxiety.ResultsThe prevalence of anxiety in adults was 26.0%. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, cadmium levels in the highest quartile (Q4) were associated with a higher risk of anxiety compared to the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR = 1.279, 95% CI: 1.113–1.471, p < 0.01). Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated a positive association between blood cadmium levels and anxiety. Furthermore, co-exposure to multiple heavy metals was positively associated with anxiety risk (WQS positive: OR = 1.068, 95% CI: 1.016–1.160, p < 0.05), with cadmium contributing the most to the overall mixture effect. Compared to the Light RPA, the Vigorous/Moderate RPA group had a relatively low risk of anxiety after cadmium exposure.ConclusionHigh levels of blood cadmium are positively associated with the development of anxiety disorders, which needs to be further verified in future studies.

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Association of blood metals with anxiety among adults: A nationally representative cross-sectional study

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

Association between the levels of toxic heavy metals and schizophrenia in the population of Guangxi, China: A case-control study

Association between the levels of toxic heavy metals and schizophrenia in the population of Guangxi, China: A case-control study

Letter to the editor—Association between ethylene oxide levels and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2013–2018 database

Association of blood cadmium, lead, and mercury with anxiety: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2007–2012

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