Association of BMP4 RS444235 Gene Polymorphism and the Stage and Grade of Colorectal Cancer at Prof. dr. I G.N.G Ngoerah General Hospital

Abstract

Aging is one of the main risk factors for cancer, with one of the most common in the elderly population is colorectal cancer, which is the third most common cancer and the fourth most common cause of death in the world. One of the biomarkers studied which is related to the balance of colorectal cancer tumorigenesis is bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). The BMP4 gene polymorphism, namely BMP4 rs4444235, has been associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. This study used a crosssectional analytical method to analyze the relationship between the BMP4 rs44444235 gene polymorphism and colorectal cancer at Prof. dr. I G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital using 41 FFPE samples from colorectal cancer. The identification of BMP4 rs4444235 gene polymorphism was carried out using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequencing. The data obtained was then processed using SPSS 25.0. Out of 30 colorectal cancer patients, 17 samples (56.7%) were male and 13 samples (43.3%) were female, with 24 samples (60%) had advanced stage colorectal cancer and 6 samples (20%) had early stage. A number of 28 samples (93.3%) were of low-grade colorectal cancer and 2 samples (6.7%) were of high grade. BMP4 gene polymorphism rs4444235 of CC genotype were found in 8 samples (26.7%), a CT genotype in 14 samples (46.7%), while a TT genotype in 8 samples (26.7%). The test showed the BMP4 rs4444235 gene polymorphism was not associated with the stage and grade of colorectal cancer (p>0.05), with p value of 0.547 and 0.294 for stage and grade of colorectal cancer respectively.Taken together, BMP4 rs4444235 gene polymorphism was identified, however there was no association found with the stage and grade of colorectal cancer at Prof. dr. I G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital.