Association of body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat among BMI-defined non-obese middle-aged individuals: Insights from a population-based Canadian sample

Collins, Kelsey H.; Sharif, Behnam; Sanmartin, Claudia; Reimer, Raylene A.; Herzog, Walter; Chin, Rick; Marshall, Deborah A.

doi:10.17269/cjph.107.5652

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Potentially, the characterization of obesity by body mass, which is common in these studies, may be inappropriately representing body composition. We have shown, in a healthy and overweight population cohort, that body mass index (BMI) inappropriately estimates body composition in 30% of the population, with a specific disparity between BMI and body composition measurements in healthy females (Collins et al, 2017c ). Also, there is a lack of data describing the effect of obesity on muscle integrity, and a lack of consistent protocols to assess muscle strength (Tomlinson et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Obesity and Impact On Muscle Integritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Musculoskeletal Disease: Common Inflammatory Pathways Suggest a Central Role for Loss of Muscle Integrity

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inflammation can arise in response to a variety of stimuli, including infectious agents, tissue injury, autoimmune diseases, and obesity. Some of these responses are acute and resolve, while others become chronic and exert a sustained impact on the host, systemically, or locally. Obesity is now recognized as a chronic low-grade, systemic inflammatory state that predisposes to other chronic conditions including metabolic syndrome (MetS). Although obesity has received considerable attention regarding its pathophysiological link to chronic cardiovascular conditions and type 2 diabetes, the musculoskeletal (MSK) complications (i.e., muscle, bone, tendon, and joints) that result from obesity-associated metabolic disturbances are less frequently interrogated. As musculoskeletal diseases can lead to the worsening of MetS, this underscores the imminent need to understand the cause and effect relations between the two, and the convergence between inflammatory pathways that contribute to MSK damage. Muscle mass is a key predictor of longevity in older adults, and obesity-induced sarcopenia is a significant risk factor for adverse health outcomes. Muscle is highly plastic, undergoes regular remodeling, and is responsible for the majority of total body glucose utilization, which when impaired leads to insulin resistance. Furthermore, impaired muscle integrity, defined as persistent muscle loss, intramuscular lipid accumulation, or connective tissue deposition, is a hallmark of metabolic dysfunction. In fact, many common inflammatory pathways have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the interrelated tissues of the musculoskeletal system (e.g., tendinopathy, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis). Despite these similarities, these diseases are rarely evaluated in a comprehensive manner. The aim of this review is to summarize the common pathways that lead to musculoskeletal damage and disease that result from and contribute to MetS. We propose the overarching hypothesis that there is a central role for muscle damage with chronic exposure to an obesity-inducing diet. The inflammatory consequence of diet and muscle dysregulation can result in dysregulated tissue repair and an imbalance toward negative adaptation, resulting in regulatory failure and other musculoskeletal tissue damage. The commonalities support the conclusion that musculoskeletal pathology with MetS should be evaluated in a comprehensive and integrated manner to understand risk for other MSK-related conditions. Implications for conservative management strategies to regulate MetS are discussed, as are future research opportunities.

show abstract

Section: Obesity and Impact On Muscle Integritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Musculoskeletal Disease: Common Inflammatory Pathways Suggest a Central Role for Loss of Muscle Integrity

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The present study revealed that both CAVI and carotid IMT had a positive association with metabolic syndrome defined by a VFA ≥ 100 cm 2 . Nagayama et al in their study reported a negative rela-ratus, could be a useful tool for distinguishing body fat from other body compositions, such as bone and muscle, but it has not to date been sufficiently validated and, thus, is often used in combination with BMI [33][34][35][36][37] . Moreover, percent body fat is totally calculated without the separation of subcutaneous and visceral fat content.…”

Section: General Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships of Obesity-Related Indices and Metabolic Syndrome with Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Middle-Aged Untreated Japanese Workers

Sugiura

Dohi

Takagi

et al. 2020

JAT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The official journal of the Japan Atherosclerosis Society and the Asian Pacific Society of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Diseases Original Article Aim: Obesity is a social problem due to the prevalence of the Western lifestyle. In particular, visceral fat accumulation, which is a main component of metabolic syndrome, is closely associated with the progression of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationships of obesity-related indices and metabolic syndrome with subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged untreated workers. Methods: Employees undergoing their periodic health checkup but without previous cardiovascular events or cardiovascular medications were enrolled in this study (n 7,750). Body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, waist circumference, and visceral fat area were evaluated as obesity-related indices. Assessment of visceral fat area was performed by computed tomography (CT). Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by measuring arterial stiffness using cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and by ultrasound examination of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). Results: Obesity-related indices were significantly correlated with each other and were positively associated with carotid IMT but negatively associated with CAVI in multivariate regression analysis. In a logistic regression analysis including CAVI and carotid IMT simultaneously, CAVI was negatively associated, but carotid IMT was positively associated, with obesity defined by each obesity-related index. In contrast, both CAVI and carotid IMT were positively associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome based on visceral fat accumulation. Conclusions: Obesity-related indices were negatively associated with CAVI and positively associated with carotid IMT in middle-aged untreated workers, while both CAVI and carotid IMT were worsened in the presence of metabolic syndrome. index (BMI) is simply calculated by anthropometric measurements of body weight and body height and is conveniently and widely used for the diagnosis of obesity 1-3). The World Health Organization (WHO) defines the conditions of being overweight and obesity based on a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 and ≥ 30 kg/m 2 , respectively, and Copyright©2020 Japan Atherosclerosis Society This article is distributed under the terms of the latest version of CC BY-NC-SA defined by the Creative Commons Attribution License.

show abstract

“…Furthermore, OA management strategies and obesity prevention interventions [33] are most effective in the long-run when they are targeted to patients with overweight (BMI-defined non-obese) at early stages of the disease process [34]. As such, Manninen et al [35] highlights the need to identify candidates for OA prevention and management strategies in the middle-aged and the non-obese.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have also demonstrated that overweight (BMI between 25 to 30 kg/m 2 ) during middle adulthood may play an important role in OA’s initiation and progression [ 31 , 32 ]. Furthermore, OA management strategies and obesity prevention interventions [ 33 ] are most effective in the long-run when they are targeted to patients with overweight (BMI-defined non-obese) at early stages of the disease process [ 34 ]. As such, Manninen et al [ 35 ] highlights the need to identify candidates for OA prevention and management strategies in the middle-aged and the non-obese.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Metabolic Markers with self-reported osteoarthritis among middle-aged BMI-defined non-obese individuals: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease. While it is well-established that obesity affects OA through increased axial loading on the joint cartilage, the indirect effect of obesity through metabolic processes among the body mass index (BMI)-defined non-obese population, i.e., BMI < 30 kg/m2, is less known. Our goal was to evaluate the association of metabolic markers including body fat percentage (BF%), waist circumference, maximum weight gain during adulthood and serum creatinine with self-reported OA to establish if such measures offer additional information over BMI among the non-obese population between 40 and 65 years of age.MethodsCross-sectional data from two cycles of the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) in 2007–2009 and 2009–2011 were analyzed. Sex-specific logistic regression models were developed to evaluate the association of self-reported OA with metabolic markers. Models were separately adjusted for age, BMI categories and serum creatinine, and a stratified analysis across BM categories was performed. In a secondary analysis, we evaluated the association of self-reported OA, cardiovascular diseases and hypertension across BF% categories.ResultsOf 2462 individuals, 217 (8.8%) self-reported OA. After adjusting for age and BMI, those within BF%-defined overweight/obese category had 2.67 (95% CI: 1.32–3.51) and 2.11(95% CI: 1.38–3.21) times higher odds of reporting self-reported OA compared to those within BF%-defined athletic/acceptable category for females and males, respectively. BF% was also significantly associated with self-reported OA after adjusting for age and serum creatinine only among females (OR: 1.47, 95%CI: 1.12–1.84). Furthermore, among the BMI-defined overweight group, the age-adjusted odds of self-reported OA was significantly higher for overweight/obese BF% compared to athletic/acceptable BF% in both females and males. In a secondary analysis, we showed that the association of self-reported OA and hypertension/cardiovascular diseases is significantly higher among BF% overweight/obese (OR: 1.37, 95%CI: 1.19–3.09) compared to BF% athletic/acceptable (OR: 1.13, 95%CI: 0.87–2.82).ConclusionOur results provide corroborating evidence for a relationship between body fat and OA in a population-based study, while no significant independent correlates were found between other metabolic markers and OA prevalence. Future investigation on the longitudinal relationship between BF and OA among this sub-population may inform targeted prevention opportunities.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40608-018-0201-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Association of body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat among BMI-defined non-obese middle-aged individuals: Insights from a population-based Canadian sample

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Musculoskeletal Disease: Common Inflammatory Pathways Suggest a Central Role for Loss of Muscle Integrity

Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Musculoskeletal Disease: Common Inflammatory Pathways Suggest a Central Role for Loss of Muscle Integrity

Relationships of Obesity-Related Indices and Metabolic Syndrome with Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Middle-Aged Untreated Japanese Workers

Association of Metabolic Markers with self-reported osteoarthritis among middle-aged BMI-defined non-obese individuals: a cross-sectional study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About