Association of breastfeeding and stunting in Peruvian toddlers: an example of reverse causality

Marquis, Grace S; Habicht, Jean Pierre; Lanata, Claudio F.; Black, Robert E.; Rasmussen, Kathleen M.

doi:10.1093/ije/26.2.349

Cited by 129 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…We believe however that the fact that breastfeeding was associated with LAZ but not in the direction of a better practice translating into better LAZ ( þ 0.16 z-score in favour of non-breast-fed infants) can partly explain why the ICFI does not relate to LAZ. Although this is not specific to urban contexts, it has been shown that mothers sometimes may prolong breastfeeding for stunted children (Marquis et al, 1997;Simondon and Simondon, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Association of a summary index of child feeding with diet quality and growth of 6–23 months children in urban Madagascar

Moursi

Trèche²,

Martin‐Prével

et al. 2008

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Background/Objectives: The assessment of child feeding practices has received renewed attention through the development of an infant and child feeding index (ICFI). However, the advantages and shortcomings of such a summary index are still not well known. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of ICFI as an analytical tool (1) by studying its association with complementary food energy intake and mean micronutrient density adequacy (MMDA) and (2) by testing whether ICFI and its components are associated with length-for-age z-score (LAZ) of 6-23 months children in urban Madagascar. Subjects/Methods: ICFI was constructed using data from questionnaires on feeding practices and quantitative 24-h recalls (n ¼ 1589). Multivariate analysis was used to control for household wealth and other confounding factors. Results: ICFI was positively correlated with complementary food energy intake (Po0.0001) and MMDA (Po0.0001). ICFI was associated with LAZ among 6-8 months children (P ¼ 0.02). For all ages combined, there was a tendency towards an association that did not reach statistical significance (P ¼ 0.08). Among feeding practices that formed ICFI, breastfeeding was associated with LAZ (P ¼ 0.03) but not in the expected direction with þ 0.16 z-score difference in favour of non-breast-fed children. When breastfeeding was removed and introduced separately into the multivariate model, the relationship between the modified ICFI and LAZ became significant (P ¼ 0.02). Conclusions: Findings suggest that the ICFI could be a useful analytical tool, which needs however to be constructed according to its final use and which should be adapted to each context.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Association of a summary index of child feeding with diet quality and growth of 6–23 months children in urban Madagascar

Moursi

Trèche²,

Martin‐Prével

et al. 2008

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…Outros autores [26][27][28] explicam o mesmo processo como tendo causalidade reversa, ou seja, os déficits no crescimento infantil levariam a mudanças nos padrões de alimentação, o que favoreceria a complementação ou cessação anterior da amamentação.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Effect of predominant breastfeeding duration on infant growth: a prospective study using nonlinear mixed effect models

et al. 2008

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ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar o efeito da duração da amamentação predominante no crescimento infantil com uso de modelos para medidas repetidas.Métodos: Trata-se de estudo prospectivo com quatro ondas de seguimento realizadas com aproximadamente 0,5, 2, 6 e 9 meses pós-parto, que incluiu entrevistas estruturadas e coleta de dados de peso, comprimento e sobre práticas de aleitamento. O estudo foi desenvolvido em um Centro Municipal de Saúde no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, entre 1999 e 2001. Quatrocentos e setenta e nove mulheres e seus filhos foram estudados. As variáveis dependentes foram o peso e o comprimento, aferidas em cinco momentos (ao nascimento, 0,5, 2, 6 e 9 meses). O crescimento foi analisado usando modelos não lineares de efeitos mistos. Resultados:Crianças com maior duração de aleitamento predominante apresentaram maior velocidade de crescimento durante os primeiros meses de vida, mas alcançaram peso e comprimento de equilíbrio menor quando comparadas com crianças que receberam outros leites não humanos no início da vida. A idade na qual a velocidade de crescimento de crianças alimentadas com fórmulas tornou-se maior do que as amamentadas foi de 6,75 meses para meninos e 7 meses para meninas. Conclusões:Esse estudo confirma a presença de diferenças no crescimento físico segundo práticas de aleitamento a partir dos 6 meses de vida. O uso de modelos não lineares permitiu maior precisão na estimativa dos parâmetros. Acredita-se que essa abordagem facilite a análise e interpretação de dados de crescimento nos níveis individual e populacional.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2008;84(3):237-243: Amamentação, crescimento infantil, modelos mistos não lineares, medidas repetidas. AbstractObjective: The aim of this study is to assess the effect of predominant breastfeeding duration on infant growth by means of repeated measurements model. Methods:This prospective study is comprised of four follow-up evaluations at approximately 0.5, 2, 6 and 9 months after birth, including structured interviews that simultaneously gathered information regarding infant growth and breastfeeding practices. The study took place in a healthcare center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 1999 to 2001. Four hundred seventy-nine postpartum women and their newborns were enrolled in the cohort. Body weight and length measurements taken at five different occasions (birth, 0.5, 2, 6, and 9 months) constituted the dependent variables. We expressed the growth process using nonlinear mixed models. Results:Infants with longer predominant breastfeeding duration, although growing faster in the first months of life, reached an inferior equilibrium body weight and length compared to infants who received nonhuman milk earlier in life. The age at which the rate of weight gain of the formula-fed infants becomes greater than that of the breastfed infants is approximately 6.75 months for boys and 7 months for girls. Conclusions:This study confirms the differences observed in infant growth according to different breastfeeding practices starting from the sixth month of life. Use o...

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“…intake of nutritional and nutritious foods will affect the child's condition at the age of the child. [18,21] …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Breast is not a risk factor for stunting events in infants [18]. As it is known that the function of breast milk that is as an anti-infection that can affect stunting status changes in infants and also the length of breastfeeding is lacking and feeding or formula milk too early may increase infections such as diarrhea and ISPA [17].…”

Section: Exclusive Breastfeedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting The Stunting Case: A Retrospective Study On Children In Banjarmasin

Sari¹,

Mambang²,

Putri³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 2nd Sari Mulia International Conference on Health and Sciences 2017 (SMICHS 2017)

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ABSTRAKObjective: This is to analyze the factors that influence the stunting case in toddlers in Banjarmasin Method: This research used case control with 190 toddlers as the sample consisting of 74 stunting children under five and 116 toddlers with stunting and was analyzed using Chi-Square test. Result: The result of the research showed that there was a correlation between birth weight and stunting case in infants p-value = 0,032 and OR 3,082, there was a correlation between gestational age and stunting incidence in pita = 0,006 and OR 3,712. in children under five p-value = 0.001 and OR 5,551, whereas exclusive breastfeeding was not related to stunting incidence in under-five children with p-value = 0,377 and there was no association of basic immunization status with stunting incidence in under-fives with p-value = 0,120. Conclusions: Low birth weight infants, preterm gestational age, and less than normal birth weight were factors that influenced stunting cases, while the history of exclusive breastfeeding and primary immunization has no relationship with the incidence of stunting.

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Association of breastfeeding and stunting in Peruvian toddlers: an example of reverse causality

Cited by 129 publications

References 16 publications

Association of a summary index of child feeding with diet quality and growth of 6–23 months children in urban Madagascar

Association of a summary index of child feeding with diet quality and growth of 6–23 months children in urban Madagascar

Effect of predominant breastfeeding duration on infant growth: a prospective study using nonlinear mixed effect models

Factors Affecting The Stunting Case: A Retrospective Study On Children In Banjarmasin

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