Association of Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation With Overall and Neurologically Favorable Survival After Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States

Naim, Maryam Y.; Burke, Rita V.; McNally, Bryan; Song, Lihai; Griffis, Heather; Berg, Robert A.; Vellano, Kimberly; Markenson, David; Bradley, Richard N; Rossano, Joseph W.

doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.3643

Cited by 127 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The authors compared bystander-administered chest compression-only CPR and CPR using chest compressions with rescue breaths. 7 The cohort was analyzed on the basis of age: <1 or 1 to 18 years. For infants, CPR using chest compressions with rescue breaths was better than no CPR but was no different from chest compression-only CPR for favorable neurological outcome.…”

Section: Summary Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

2017 American Heart Association Focused Update on Pediatric Basic Life Support and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality: An Update to the American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care

Atkins¹,

Caen²,

Berger³

et al. 2018

Circulation

117

148

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This focused update to the American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiovascular care follows the Pediatric Task Force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation evidence review. It aligns with the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation’s continuous evidence review process, and updates are published when the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation completes a literature review based on new science. This update provides the evidence review and treatment recommendation for chest compression–only CPR versus CPR using chest compressions with rescue breaths for children <18 years of age. Four large database studies were available for review, including 2 published after the “2015 American Heart Association Guidelines Update for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care.” Two demonstrated worse 30-day outcomes with chest compression–only CPR for children 1 through 18 years of age, whereas 2 studies documented no difference between chest compression–only CPR and CPR using chest compressions with rescue breaths. When the results were analyzed for infants <1 year of age, CPR using chest compressions with rescue breaths was better than no CPR but was no different from chest compression–only CPR in 1 study, whereas another study observed no differences among chest compression–only CPR, CPR using chest compressions with rescue breaths, and no CPR. CPR using chest compressions with rescue breaths should be provided for infants and children in cardiac arrest. If bystanders are unwilling or unable to deliver rescue breaths, we recommend that rescuers provide chest compressions for infants and children.

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Section: Summary Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

2017 American Heart Association Focused Update on Pediatric Basic Life Support and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality: An Update to the American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care

Atkins¹,

Caen²,

Berger³

et al. 2018

Circulation

117

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The patient populations and/or pathologies evaluated in the 66 studies included in the final review were: general PICU patients (n=15 studies) (9–23), seizures and/or status epilepticus (SE) (n=7) (24–30), traumatic brain injury (TBI) (n=17) (31–47), cardiac arrest (n=22) (48–69), and infectious diseases (n=5) (70–74). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are significant ongoing efforts to optimize emergency medical systems of care and therapies aimed at improving outcomes after pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Successes are starting to be reported in increased utilization of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation leading to improved overall survival and survival with favorable neurologic outcomes (69). …”

Section: Neurologic Outcomes Following Picu Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Neurologic Outcomes Following Care in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Caprarola

Kudchadkar

Bembea

2017

Curr Treat Options Peds

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Purpose of review With increasing survival of children requiring admission to pediatric intensive care units (PICU), neurodevelopmental outcomes of these patients are an area of increased attention. Our goal was to systematically review recently published literature on neurologic outcomes of PICU patients. Recent Findings Decline in neurofunctional status occurs in 3%–20% of children requiring PICU care. This proportion varies based on primary diagnosis and severity of illness, with children admitted for primary neurologic diagnosis, children who suffer cardiac arrest or who require invasive interventions during the PICU admission, having worse outcomes. Recent research focuses on early identification and treatment of modifiable risk factors for unfavorable outcomes, and on long-term follow-up that moves beyond global cognitive outcomes and is increasingly including tests assessing multidimensional aspects of neurodevelopment. Summary The pediatric critical care research community has shifted focus from survival to survival with favorable neurologic outcomes of children admitted to the PICU.

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“…Meyer et al 3 found a higher rate (26.9%) in a study from Washington,3 while another study from US Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival database reported an overall survival rate of 11.3% 33. A recent population-based studies from Sweden described a survival rate of 14.0% in patients 21 years old and younger 23.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%