Association of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors With Sociodemographic Characteristics and Health Beliefs Among a Community-Based Sample of African American Adults in Minnesota

Hof, Jeremy Van't; Duval, Sue; Luepker, Russell V.; Jones, Clarence; Hayes, Sharonne N.; Cooper, Lisa A.; Patten, Christi A.; Brewer, LaPrincess C

doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.08.027

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These patterns may be a result of the higher burden of food insecurity 47 and other cardiovascular risk factors (tobacco use, obesity, diabetes) in these regions. 48 We also found that Black adults had higher mortality rates than their White counterparts in both rural and urban areas of the country. Although absolute rate differences between Black and White adults across urban areas of the country declined during the study period, relative reductions in mortality were most pronounced among White individuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Disparities in Cardiovascular Mortality Between Black and White Adults in the United States, 1999 to 2019

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Black adults experience a disproportionately higher burden of cardiovascular risk factors and disease in comparison with White adults in the United States. Less is known about how sex-based disparities in cardiovascular mortality between these groups have changed on a national scale over the past 20 years, particularly across geographic determinants of health and residential racial segregation. Methods: We used CDC WONDER (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research) to identify Black and White adults age ≥25 years in the United States from 1999 to 2019. We calculated annual age-adjusted cardiovascular mortality rates (per 100 000) for Black and White women and men, as well as absolute rate differences and rate ratios to compare the mortality gap between these groups. We also examined patterns by US census region, rural versus urban residence, and degree of neighborhood segregation. Results: From 1999 to 2019, age-adjusted mortality rates declined overall for both Black and White adults. There was a decline in age-adjusted cardiovascular mortality among Black (602.1 to 351.8 per 100 000 population) and White women (447.0 to 267.5), and the absolute rate difference (ARD) between these groups decreased over time (1999: ARD, 155.1 [95% CI, 149.9–160.3]; 2019: ARD, 84.3 [95% CI, 81.2–87.4]). These patterns were similar for Black (824.1 to 526.3 per 100 000) and White men (637.5 to 396.0; 1999: ARD, 186.6 [95% CI, 178.6–194.6]; 2019: ARD, 130.3 [95% CI, 125.6–135.0]). Despite this progress, cardiovascular mortality in 2019 was higher for Black women (rate ratio, 1.32 [95% CI, 1.30–1.33])— especially in the younger (age <65 years) subgroup (rate ratio, 2.28 [95% CI, 2.23–2.32])—as well as for Black men (rate ratio, 1.33 [95% CI, 1.32–1.34]), compared with their respective White counterparts. There was regional variation in cardiovascular mortality patterns, and the Black-White gap differed across rural and urban areas. Cardiovascular mortality rates among Black women and men were consistently higher in communities with high levels of racial segregation compared with those with low to moderate levels. Conclusions: During the past 2 decades, age-adjusted cardiovascular mortality declined significantly for Black and White adults in the United States, as did the absolute difference in death rates between these groups. Despite this progress, Black women and men continue to experience higher cardiovascular mortality rates than their White counterparts.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…These patterns may be a result of the higher burden of food insecurity 47 and other cardiovascular risk factors (tobacco use, obesity, diabetes) in these regions. 48…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in Cardiovascular Mortality Between Black and White Adults in the United States, 1999 to 2019

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Considering that risk perception is recognized as a modifiable determinant of health-related behaviors ( 40 , 41 ), it is vital to identify subgroups on which to focus to maximize the maintenance of risk perception or improve the level of CVD risk perception through targeted intervention to prevent a decline in the level of risk perception. Our study highlighted that individuals who were older, had a higher monthly income, and had diabetes were more prone to perceive higher CVD risk, which has been confirmed in earlier studies ( 32 , 38 , 42 ). Our study also found that people who perceived better health status were more likely to be in a high-risk perception class, which was inconsistent with the findings in Korean blue-collar workers ( 15 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Cardiovascular disease risk perception among community adults in South China: a latent profile analysis

Guo

Yuan

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveRisk perception, a critical psychological construct, influences health behavior modification and maintenance of individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Little is known about CVD risk perception among Chinese adults. This research examined the profiles of CVD risk perception of community adults in South China, and explored the characteristics and factors that influence their perception of CVD risk.MethodThis cross-sectional study was conducted in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, in South China from March to July 2022 and included 692 participants. Risk perception was assessed using the Chinese version of the Attitude and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease Risk Questionnaire. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed to extract latent classes of CVD risk perception. These classes of CVD risk perception were compared with 10-year CVD risk categories to define correctness of estimation. Chi-square tests and multinomial regression analyses were used to identify differences between these categories.ResultsThree CVD risk perception classes were identified by LPA: low risk perception (14.2% of participants), moderate risk perception (46.8%), high risk perception (39.0%). Individuals who were aged with 40–60 year (OR = 6.94, 95% CI = 1.86–25.84), diabetes (OR = 6.26, 95% CI = 1.34–29.17), married (OR = 4.52, 95% CI = 2.30–8.90), better subjective health status (OR = 3.23, 95% CI = 1.15–9.10) and perceived benefits and intention to change physical activity (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.05–1.27) were more likely to be in the high-risk perception class. Compared to absolute 10-year CVD risk based on China-PAR, a third of participants (30.1%) correctly estimated their CVD risk, 63.3% overestimated it and 6.6% underestimated it. CVD risk underestimation was associated with hypertension (OR = 3.91, 95% CI = 1.79–8.54), drinking (OR = 3.05, 95% CI = 1.22–7.64), better subjective health status (OR = 2.67, 95% CI = 1.18–6.03).ConclusionsMost adults in South China possess a moderate level of CVD risk perception. Advanced age, higher monthly income, diabetes and better health status were significantly related to higher perceived CVD risk. Individuals with hypertension, drinking and better subjective health status were associated with CVD risk underestimation. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the indicators for different classes and identify underestimation group as early as possible.

show abstract

“…However, our data suggest that this Midwest population has equivalent or greater CVD risk than other, larger population-based cohorts of African Americans, including the Jackson Heart Study. 66 Future studies are warranted to assess the replicability of these findings in other geographic areas (both urban and rural) and the sustainability potential of the FAITH! App within a broader network of national and international faith-based organizations traditionally prioritizing individuals of African descent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Community-Based, Cluster-Randomized Pilot Trial of a Cardiovascular Mobile Health Intervention: Preliminary Findings of the FAITH! Trial

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: African Americans continue to have suboptimal cardiovascular health (CVH) based on the American Heart Association Life’s Simple 7 (LS7), 7 health-promoting behaviors and biological risk factors (eg, physical activity, blood pressure). Innovative, community-level interventions in partnership with trusted institutions such as African American churches are potential means to improve CVH in this population. Methods: Using a community-based participatory research approach, the FAITH! Trial (Fostering African American Improvement in Total Health) rigorously assessed the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a refined, community-informed, mobile health intervention (FAITH! App) for promoting CVH among African Americans in faith communities using a cluster randomized controlled trial. Participants from 16 churches in Rochester and Minneapolis-St Paul, MN, were randomized to receive the FAITH! App (immediate intervention) or were assigned to a delayed intervention comparator group. The 10-week intervention core features included culturally relevant and LS7-focused education modules, diet/physical activity self-monitoring, and a group sharing board. Data were collected via electronic surveys and health assessments. Primary outcomes were average change in mean LS7 score (continuous measure of CVH ranging from poor to ideal [0–14 points]) from baseline to 6 months post-intervention (using generalized estimating equations) and app engagement/usability (by the Health Information Technology Usability Evaluation Scale; range, 0–5). Results: Of 85 enrolled participants (randomized to immediate [N=41] and delayed [control] intervention [N=44] groups), 76 and 68 completed surveys/health assessments at baseline and 6 months post-intervention, respectively (80% retention rate with assessments at both baseline and 6-month time points); immediate intervention [N=30] and control [N=38] groups). At baseline, the majority of participants (mean age [SD], 54.2 [12.3] years, 71% female) had <4-year college education level (39/66, 59%) and poor CVH (44% in poor category; mean LS7 score [SD], 6.8 [1.9]). The mean LS7 score of the intervention group increased by 1.9 (SD 1.9) points compared with 0.7 (SD 1.7) point in the control group (both P <0.0001) at 6 months. The estimated difference of this increase between the groups was 1.1 (95% CI, 0.6–1.7; P <0.0001). App engagement/usability was overall high (100% connection to app; >75% completed weekly diet/physical activity tracking; Health Information Technology Usability Evaluation Scale, mean [SD], 4.2 [0.7]). Conclusions: On the basis of preliminary findings, the refined FAITH! App appears to be an efficacious mobile health tool to promote ideal CVH among African Americans. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT03777709.

show abstract

Association of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors With Sociodemographic Characteristics and Health Beliefs Among a Community-Based Sample of African American Adults in Minnesota

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Disparities in Cardiovascular Mortality Between Black and White Adults in the United States, 1999 to 2019

Disparities in Cardiovascular Mortality Between Black and White Adults in the United States, 1999 to 2019

Cardiovascular disease risk perception among community adults in South China: a latent profile analysis

Community-Based, Cluster-Randomized Pilot Trial of a Cardiovascular Mobile Health Intervention: Preliminary Findings of the FAITH! Trial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About