Association of Caveolin-1 Expression With Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

PurposeThe prognostic value of caveolin-1 in prostate cancer remains uncertain. Hence, this meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of caveolin-1 in prostate cancer, as well as ascertain the relationship between caveolin-1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer patients.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese Biology Medicine databases were electronically searched to retrieve published studies on caveolin-1 expression in prostate cancer. After study selection and data extraction, the meta-analysis was conducted using Review manager 5.3 software. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to estimate the pooled effect. Funnel plot was used to assess publication bias.ResultsA total of ten studies were enrolled, which included 3976 cases of prostate cancer, 72 cases of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), and 157 normal controls. Results of the meta-analysis showed that the positive rate of caveolin-1 expression in prostate cancer was 18.28 times higher than that in normal control (OR= 18.28, 95% CI: 9.02–37.04, p<0.01), and 4.73 times higher than that in HGPIN (OR= 4.73, 95% CI: 2.38–9.42, p<0.01). The relationship between caveolin-1 and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer showed that the differences in caveolin-1 expression in patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) >10 vs. ≤ 10 (OR=2.09, 95% CI: 1.35–3.22, p<0.01), differentiation degree low vs. medium/high (OR=2.74, 95% CI: 1.84–4.08, p<0.01), TNM stage T3+T4 vs. T1+T2 (OR=2.77, 95% CI: 1.78–4.29, p<0.01), and lymph node metastasis present vs. absent (OR=2.61, 95% CI: 1.84–3.69, p<0.01) were statistically significant. The correlation analysis between caveolin-1 and the survival time of patients with prostate cancer demonstrated that caveolin-1 was closely related to the prognosis of prostate cancer patients (HR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.28–1.76, p<0.01).ConclusionCaveolin-1 is overexpressed in prostate cancer, which can serve as a risk factor and adverse clinicopathological feature of prostate cancer. Caveolin-1 can also predict poor survival in prostate cancer patients after radical prostatectomy.

Biomarker in Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review

“…The carcinogenic role of caveolin-1 has been identified in many tumors, suggesting that it may act as a novel therapeutic target for tumors. Caveolin-1 is reportedly overexpressed in prostate cancer and could serve as a risk factor and adverse clinicopathological feature of PCa [ 29 ]. Basourakos et al [ 53 ] evaluated Cav-1 performance as a biomarker for reclassification in men undergoing AS in a retrospective study ( n = 542).…”

Retrospective Cohort Study of Caveolin-1 Expression as Prognostic Factor in Unresectable Locally Advanced or Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Patients

“…Similar results have also been reported in prostate cancer, particularly in castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer cells [ 29 ]. The overexpression of Cav-1 seems to be associated with low degree of differentiation, advanced clinical stage, and poor survival in prostate cancers [ 30 ]. High Cav-1 expression was also associated with a more aggressive behavior in melanoma cells [ 31 , 32 ] and significantly shorter survival in lung cancer patients.…”

Caveolin‐1 protein expression as a prognostic biomarker of gastrointestinal tumours: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Caveolin-1 expression has been related to survival outcomes in various malignancies. 29,70,71,72 However, there is an ongoing debate regarding the role of this protein in cancer and carcinogenesis as it is proposed to function both as tumour promoter and tumour suppressor. 3 Its function appears to be contingent upon the cell type as the relationship between caveolin-1 expression and clinical outcome depends on the site being analysed.…”