Association of Certification Level and Assertiveness with Accuracy of Calls among Ice Hockey Referees

Wilson, Austin; Mock, Steven E.

doi:10.1260/1747-9541.8.3.505

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Decision-making and visual skills were examined and compared between levels in soccer, 53–56 Australian football, 57,58 rugby unions, 59,60 handball 61 and ice hockey. 62 In these studies expert referees (elite level) significantly outperformed non-experts (sub-elite, amateur, junior, assistant referee). 63…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Coaches’ internal model of the tennis serve technique: Knowing or understanding?

Fetisova

Zois

Spittle

et al. 2021

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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The understanding of coaches’ knowledge plays a critical role in coach development. This study aimed to examine the internal models of expert and novice tennis coaches and to identify the key distinguishing characteristics between levels. Data was captured by in-depth interviews and analysed using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The results revealed that the internal model consisted of seven components including the “functionality” component that has not been reported previously. A significant difference was detected only in three components of the internal model: “reasoning chains”, “concepts” and “key flexion points”. The findings led to the conclusion that the main attribute of tennis coaching expertise is not pure technical knowledge but rather the perception of technique as a whole movement and the ability to understand the connection between technical elements. The findings provide a valuable contribution to tennis coach development as it can be applied in coach education to facilitate novice coach development processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Coaches’ internal model of the tennis serve technique: Knowing or understanding?

Fetisova

Zois

Spittle

et al. 2021

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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“…16 Video studies have been conducted in ice hockey and other sports to evaluate referee characteristics, revealing that video analysis can provide a valid and reliable measure of individual decision-making skills. [16][17][18] The objective of this study was to examine referee knowledge through concurrent validity and inter-rater reliability of certified youth ice hockey referees' ability to assess HCs and associated penalties using prerecorded player-to-player physical contact (PC) video clips. This study was developed in partnership with Hockey Canada, Hockey Alberta, and Hockey Calgary with the potential to inform rule modifications and future training strategies for ice hockey referees across Canada.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Referees Assess Head Contact Penalties Correctly in Canadian Youth Ice Hockey? A Video Analysis Study

Williamson¹,

Kolstad

Eliason³

et al. 2023

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

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Objective: To help address the high concussion burden in Canadian youth ice hockey, our primary objective was to examine the concurrent validity of youth ice hockey referees' ability to assess head contacts (HCs) and associated penalties using video analysis methods after implementation of the "zero tolerance for HC" policy by Hockey Canada. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants: Certified Level II-III referees in Alberta, Canada. Intervention: A secured online survey with 60 videos (10 to 15 seconds) containing a player-to-player physical contact with or without a HC from elite U15 (ages 13 to 14) youth ice hockey games. Outcome Measures: Survey questions were completed by all referees for each video, including (1). 'Did you see a player-toplayer contact?', (2). 'Should a penalty be assessed?', and if yes, (3). 'Which player, penalty type, and penalty intensity?' Referee assessments were compared with a consensus agreement from 2 national and member (top level) gold standard referees for concurrent validity through percent agreement and sensitivity/specificity measures. Results: Complete-case analysis of 100 referees (131 recruited) showed an overall median agreement of 83.5% (sensitivity 5 0.74; specificity 5 0.69) with the gold standard. Agreement with the gold standard was highest for HC infractions [85.1% (sensitivity 5 0.80; specificity 5 0.69)], followed by HC penalty type (81.5%) and penalty intensity (53.7%). Conclusions: Concurrent validity through percent agreement was high (.80%) compared with the gold standard for identifying both HC and other infractions; however, it was moderate for penalty intensity. Although knowledge of identifying HCs and penalties in this survey was acceptable, this study suggests in-game factors (eg, game management and positioning) may be a primary limitation for HC enforcement.

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Video-based testing in sporting officials: A systematic review

Kittel

Larkin

Elsworthy

et al. 2019

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

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Association of Certification Level and Assertiveness with Accuracy of Calls among Ice Hockey Referees

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Coaches’ internal model of the tennis serve technique: Knowing or understanding?

Coaches’ internal model of the tennis serve technique: Knowing or understanding?

Can Referees Assess Head Contact Penalties Correctly in Canadian Youth Ice Hockey? A Video Analysis Study

Video-based testing in sporting officials: A systematic review

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