Association of cold weather with testicular torsion.

Shukla, Radha; Kelly, D G; Daly, L.; Guiney, E. J.

doi:10.1136/bmj.285.6353.1459

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These findings, together with those from other authors, suggest that cold can cause contraction of the cremaster muscle and/or the tunica dartos and produce testicular torsion. 6,7,[10][11][12] Moreover, for most of our patients, symptom onset occurred during the night (data not shown), which may be related both to the temperature decrease, when the minimum temperatures are reached, and to the presence of "erotic dreams" during sleep.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Cold weather is a predisposing factor for testicular torsion in a tropical country. A retrospective study

et al. 2014

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Testicular torsion is a medical and urological emergency because it can lead to loss of the organ. The theory of seasonal testicular torsion occurrence is based on studies from institutions located in cold and temperate regions. The objective here was to determine whether cold weather is associated with higher incidence of testicular torsion in a tropical country, such as Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study, conducted in a tertiary and teaching hospital. METHODS:Patients with acute testicular torsion confirmed by surgery between April 2006 and March 2011 were studied. Information on weather conditions at the time of symptom onset was collected. RESULTS: A total of 64 testicular torsion cases were identified. The months with the highest incidences of testicular torsion were June (16%), July (19%) and August (11%), which had the lowest mean temperatures, of 17.6 °C, 16.4 °C and 18.2 °C, respectively. Eleven percent of cases occurred during spring (October to December), 16% occurred in summer (January to March), 34% occurred in fall (April to June) and 39% occurred in winter (July to September). There was a significant association between the incidence of testicular torsion and the season (fall and winter), P < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: Testicular torsion follows a seasonal association even in a tropical country, and is more frequent in the colder months of the year, namely fall and winter, when almost three-quarters of the cases occurred. These observations add further evidence that cold weather has an etiologic role in testicular torsion occurrence. RESUMO

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Cold weather is a predisposing factor for testicular torsion in a tropical country. A retrospective study

et al. 2014

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“…Trauma has been mentioned as a precipitating cause of TT in as many as 48% of cases in some series [11]. While cold weather was implicated in at least one review [12], an increase in the incidence of torsions in winter was not found in the Al-Jahra series. Most reviews of torsions indicated that testicular appendages are more often involved than the testes, and that the left scrotal contents are more often involved than the right ones [8,[13][14][15].These findings were also reproduced in this series.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Etiology of Acute Scrotal Swelling on Surgical Exploration among Children and Adolescents in Jahra

Grover¹,

Adib²,

Joseph³

et al. 1998

Med Princ Pract

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Objective: To describe the clinical presentation as well as the outcome of surgically explored acute scrotal swellings among children and adolescents recorded at the Al-Jahra Hospital, Kuwait during the period 1985–1995. Methods: Hospital records of 120 cases were reviewed. Results: Seventeen percent of the cases were found to be testicular torsions (TT) and 40% torsions of testicular appendages (TAT). Other etiologies included traumatic swelling (15%), idiopathic edema (13%), epididymo-orchitis (10%), hydroele (4%) and others (2%). Ages of patients ranged from 6 months to 18 years, averaging 9.3 years (SD = 2.9) for TAT cases and 10.1 years (SD = 6.4) for TT cases. Swelling and pain were located on the left side for 65% of the torsion cases. Direct trauma was reported in 22% of the torsion cases. In 90% of TT cases, orchidopexy was performed with success. Subsequent testicular atrophy occurred in only 1 patient who had symptoms for more than 48 h prior to surgery. Orchidectomy was directly performed on necrosed testes in a patient with signs lasting more than 48 h, and another patient with signs lasting 4 days. Conclusions: Primary health care physicians in Jahra district should continue to educate parents and adolescents to recognize the gravity of scrotal pain, and the importance of early response as a way of avoiding testicular necrosis.

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“…Temperatures in the spring (March and April) are pleasant, ranging from 13 to 30°C. While Shukla et al [5] and Mabogunje [13] reported an increased incidence of testicular torsion during the cold months of the year from the UK and Nigeria, respectively, Preshaw [14] reported no seasonal peak in the incidence of cases of testicular torsion from Canada. The reason for the discrepancy, most probably, is that the climate in Canada can be considered cold almost throughout the year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ambient temperature has been associated with variations in the incidence of testicular torsion [5,8,[13][14][15]. The effect of ambient temperatures on the incidence of testicular torsion in Kuwait was studied by calculating the average number of new cases diagnosed per month for the period 1999-2002.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rise in admissions could be due to a greater awareness of the diagnosis among general practitioners, leading to increased referral of early cases. Ambient tem-Al-Hunayan/Hanafy/Kehinde/Al-Awadi/ Ali/Al-Twheed/Abdulhalim peratures may have a role in the incidence and etiology of testicular torsion as more cases are diagnosed during the cold months of the year [5]. Thus, testicular torsion is a common condition with a documented seasonal variation in its incidence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testicular Torsion: A Perspective from the Middle East

et al. 2004

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Objective: To report our experience in the management of testicular torsion with emphasis on seasonal variation, salvage rate and the status of the torted testis 3–6 months after orchidopexy. Subjects and Methods: Seventy-five patients with a presumptive diagnosis of testicular torsion, who presented to our hospital between January 1999 and December 2002, were included in the study. Following scrotal exploration, 63 patients were found to have testicular torsion. Of these, 11 with nonviable testes had orchiectomy while 52 with viable testes had orchidopexy. Both groups of patients had simultaneous contralateral orchidopexy. Patients who had orchidopexy were followed up 3-monthly by testicular ultrasound to assess the volume of the affected testis. Results: Sixty-three patients were confirmed to have testicular torsion. The average number of new cases in the winter was 6.7 compared to 4 in the summer. Fifty-two patients underwent orchidopexy to give an operative salvage rate of 82.5%. Of 51 patients in whom the duration of torsion was less than 24 h, 1 (2.0%) had a nonviable testis, whereas of 12 patients in whom the duration of torsion was more than 24 h, 10 (83.3%) had a nonviable testis. After a minimum follow-up of 3 months for patients who had orchidopexy, 7 (13.5%) developed testicular atrophy. The incidence rate was estimated to be 7.9 cases per 100,000 population. Conclusion: The highest incidence was during the cold season. The outcome of surgical management of testicular torsion was dependent on the duration of torsion.

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Association of cold weather with testicular torsion.

Cited by 47 publications

References 5 publications

Cold weather is a predisposing factor for testicular torsion in a tropical country. A retrospective study

Cold weather is a predisposing factor for testicular torsion in a tropical country. A retrospective study

The Etiology of Acute Scrotal Swelling on Surgical Exploration among Children and Adolescents in Jahra

Testicular Torsion: A Perspective from the Middle East

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