Association of combined −344T/C and K173R polymorphisms in aldosterone synthase gene with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Moroccan population

Abstract

Background: Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) is crucial for aldosterone production, and variations in its gene may influence type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development. This study explores the link between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CYP11B2 gene - −344T/C and K173R and T2DM in the Moroccan population . Methods: The research involved 86 individuals with T2DM and 75 control subjects. Genotyping for the −344T/C and K173R SNPs was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis . Result: Results indicated significant differences in the genotype and allelic distribution of the CYP11B2 K173R polymorphism between T2DM patients and control subjects, with P-values of 0.02 and 0.04, respectively. The −344T/C polymorphism showed no significant genomic level differences, but its allelic variations were statistically significant (P=0.01), indicating a notable association between the C allele and T2DM. Furthermore, the K173R polymorphism was found to significantly increase T2DM risk, with a 2.34-fold higher risk in individuals carrying the KR genotype. The study also examined the combined effect of these SNPs. The dominant model analysis (TT vs. TC+CC and KK vs. KR+RR) showed significant differences between T2DM patients and controls for both SNPs. Additionally, a haplotype-based analysis revealed that the C-R haplotype was associated with an increased risk of T2DM. Conclusion: Our study suggests a significant association between the CYP11B2-K173R polymorphism and T2DM in the Moroccan population. Conversely, while the CYP11B2 -344T/C polymorphism exhibits a significant difference in allelic distribution, no significant difference is observed at the genomic level.