Association of Coronary Sinus Diameter with Pulmonary Hypertension

Abstract

Coronary sinus is dilated in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Coronary sinus diameter significantly correlates with PASP, RAP, right heart chamber volumes, LVEF, and VCI diameter.

Coronary sinus diameter by echocardiography to differentiate atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia from atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia

“…Echocardiography is a simple and non-invasive investigation that is routinely performed in patients undergoing electrophysiology study. CS can be visualized and its diameter measured using echocardiography [9,10]. Therefore, we investigated if echocardiographically measured CS diameter will differentiate patients with AVNRT from those with AVRT.…”

Coronary sinus dilatation as a sign of right ventricular dysfunction in patients with heart failure

“…When it comes to the relation of CS diameter with heart failure, an autopsy study of 284 hearts showed that the diameter of the CS was larger in patients with poor ventricular function (16). Other studies have found a strong association between CS diameter and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and the size of the right atrium in patients with pulmonary hypertension (17, 18). …”

The Dilated Coronary Sinus: Utility of Coronary Sinus Cross-Sectional Area and Eccentricity Index in Differentiating Right Atrial Pressure Overload from Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava

“…Its tributaries include the great, small and middle cardiac veins as well as the posterior vein of the left ventricle. By echocardiography, the coronary sinus may be visualized in the parasternal long‐axis view because of its location within the left atrioventricular groove 1–3 …”

“…By echocardiography, the coronary sinus may be visualized in the parasternal long-axis view because of its location within the left atrioventricular groove. [1][2][3] CS diameter and morphology have been studied in patients with pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), persistent connection of the left superior vena cava (PLSVC) to the coronary sinus, and in patients with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). 6,8 Pulmonary hypertension and right atrial pressure overload (RAPO) cause dilation of the coronary sinus, which is easily identified on 2D echocardiography.…”

“…6,8 Pulmonary hypertension and right atrial pressure overload (RAPO) cause dilation of the coronary sinus, which is easily identified on 2D echocardiography. 2 Several studies have used echocardiography to demonstrate coronary sinus dilation in patients with congenital anomalous pulmonary venous drainage or congenital persistent left superior vena cava. [3][4][5][6][7][8] PLSVC occurs in ∼0.3 to 0.4% of the population, and is an important cause of dilation of the coronary sinus.…”