Association of delayed chronotype with allergic diseases in primary school children

Abstract

Has your child ever been diagnosed with asthma? □ yes □ no 2.Has your child experienced any wheezing, breathing difficulties, or whistling in the chest in the last 12 months? □ yes □ no 3.Has your child ever been diagnosed with allergic rhinitis? □ yes □ no 4.Has your child ever sneezing, runny nose, stuffy, or itchy in the last 12 months not due to having a cold or flu? □ yes □ no 5.Has your child had repeated skin itching or a rash on the bent side of the elbow or knee joint in the last 12 months? □ yes □ no 6.Has your child ever been diagnosed with eczema? □ yes □ no 7.Has your child had a history of food allergies (redness, swelling, rash, abdominal pain, etc. within 2 hours after eating)? □ yes □ no 8.Has your child ever been diagnosed by a doctor with a drug allergy? □ yes □ no * All questions were translated into Chinese when used.# Diagnosed asthma with current symptoms was determined by both positive answers to two questions: "Has your child ever been diagnosed with asthma?" and "Has your child experienced any wheezing, breathing difficulties or whistling in the chest in the last 12 months?". Questions utilized to identify allergic rhinitis with current symptoms were: "Has your child ever been diagnosed with allergic rhinitis?" and "Has your child ever sneezing, runny nose, stuffy, itchy in the last 12 months not due to having a cold or flu?". Diagnosed eczema with current symptom was confirmed by questions: "Has your child ever been diagnosed with eczema?" and "Has your child had repeated itching or rash on the bent side of the elbow or knee joint in the last 12 months?". Food allergy was ascertained by the positive answer to question: "Does your child have a history of food allergies (redness, swelling, rash, abdominal pain, etc. within 2 hours after eating)?". Drug allergy was determined by question: "Has your child ever been diagnosed by a doctor with a drug allergy?" Children who were screened out one of any diagnosed and current symptom were involved in non-allergic group.

Allergic rhinitis in India

“…A new study from India identified the association between chronotype (individual preference for morningness or eveningness) and allergic conditions including asthma. This is the first report on this topic that demonstrated an association between more eveningness and a higher risk of asthma and allergic diseases in children, 25 which was subsequently supported by several other studies, including in adults 36–40 . Therefore, prospective studies focusing on these issues could be important to identify more non‐conventional risk factors for allergic diseases in the Indian population.…”

“…Smoking inside the house is a big problem in Indian societies and is significantly associated with a higher prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases among Indian children 29 . Lifestyle factors such as more evening activities and higher screen timing are also associated with higher risks of asthma and allergic diseases in children 25,36–40 . All these factors play substantial roles in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of chronic allergic diseases in India, particularly in children.…”

“…29 Lifestyle factors such as more evening activities and higher screen timing are also associated with higher risks of asthma and allergic diseases in children. 25,[36][37][38][39][40] All these factors play substantial roles in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of chronic allergic diseases in India, particularly in children. 85 of India.…”

Sleep Disturbances in Children With Atopic Dermatitis: A Scoping Review

“… 20 Finally, a study by Chen et al (2022) that sampled Chinese children from ages 7-12 showed that children without eczema slept an average of 9.53 hr per night, while children with eczema slept an average of 9.42 hr per night ( P < .001). 21 …”

“…20 Finally, a study by Chen et al (2022) that sampled Chinese children from ages 7-12 showed that children without eczema slept an average of 9.53 hr per night, while children with eczema slept an average of 9.42 hr per night (P < .001). 21 Decreased sleep efficiency. Sleep efficiency is commonly defined in the literature as the ratio of total sleep time to the total time spent in bed, expressed as a percentage.…”