Association of Depression With Past-Month Cannabis Use Among US Adults Aged 20 to 59 Years, 2005 to 2016

Gorfinkel, Lauren; Stohl, Malka; Hasin, Deborah S.

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.13802

Cited by 48 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Our results, along with those from a recent study, 48 suggest that adults with MDE may be particularly vulnerable to cannabis use as beliefs in its therapeutic potential become more widespread and products become more accessible. Moreover, even after adjusting for depression, 55,56 our results underscore an urgent need for prevention interventions designed specifically for young people before first cannabis exposure and highlight the importance of early screening for daily cannabis use and CUD as well as CUD treatment, especially among young women.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Associations of Suicidality Trends With Cannabis Use as a Function of Sex and Depression Status

et al. 2021

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Key Points Question Are there associations between cannabis use and suicidality trends in young adults, and do they vary as a function of sex and depression? Findings This survey study examined 281 650 adult participants in the 2008-2019 National Surveys of Drug Use and Health data and found associations of past-year cannabis use disorder, daily cannabis use, and nondaily cannabis use with higher prevalence of past-year suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt in both sexes, but significantly more in women. Meaning In this study, cannabis use was associated with higher prevalence of suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt among US young adults with or without depression, and the risks were greater for women than men.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Associations of Suicidality Trends With Cannabis Use as a Function of Sex and Depression Status

et al. 2021

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“…While there is no consensus on the definition of heavy cannabis use, this threshold was used to remain consistent with previous studies. 13 , 20 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 10 – 12 A recent study using the U.S.-based, nationally representative data set from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) found that adults with depression had greater odds of cannabis use in the past month compared to those without depression. 13 Individuals with depression who also use cannabis are postulated to be at higher risk for further adverse mental health outcomes. 14 There are concerns about increased suicidal ideation or suicide attempts with acute or chronic cannabis use, though there is insufficient evidence to claim causality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Recent Cannabis Use and Suicidal Ideation in Adults: A Population-based Analysis of the NHANES from 2005 to 2018

et al. 2021

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Objective: With the increasing prevalence of cannabis use, there is a growing concern about its association with depression and suicidality. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between recent cannabis use and suicidal ideation using a nationally representative data set. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of adults was undertaken using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2005 to 2018. Participants were dichotomized by whether or not they had used cannabis in the past 30 days. The primary outcome was suicidal ideation, and secondary outcomes were depression and having recently seen a mental health professional. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders, and survey sample weights were considered in the model. Results: Compared to those with no recent use ( n = 18,599), recent users ( n = 3,127) were more likely to have experienced suicidal ideation in the past 2 weeks (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.54, 95% CI, 1.19 to 2.00, P = 0.001), be depressed (aOR 1.53, 95% CI, 1.29 to 1.82, P < 0.001), and to have seen a mental health professional in the past 12 months (aOR 1.28, 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.59, P = 0.023). Conclusions: Cannabis use in the past 30 days was associated with suicidal thinking and depression in adults. This relationship is likely multifactorial but highlights the need for specific guidelines and policies for the prescription of medical cannabis for psychiatric therapy. Future research should continue to characterize the health effects of cannabis use in the general population.

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“…However, such studies demonstrating correlation have yet to confirm causation, which should be determined by a model’s ability to predict. (Arrow, 1963) Although those reporting depression to SAMHSA have increasingly used marijuana since states began increasing access to regulated cannabis, (Gorfinkel, Stohl, & Hasin, 2020) we observe no evidence that these laws have predictive relationships with reports of any mental illness. Additionally, recreational marijuana access is followed by reductions in suicide for some age groups.…”

Section: Public Health Implications and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…(Delforterie, et al, 2015) In a 2020 study in JAMA Network Open , Gorfinkel et al found that people reporting depression tend to use marijuana at a higher rate. (Gorfinkel, Stohl, & Hasin, 2020)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cannabis liberalization on suicide and mental illness following recreational access: a state-level longitudinal analysis in the USA

Singer

Rich

Schemenaur

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background. We extend the model introduced by Anderson et al. [M.D. Anderson, D.I. Rees, J.J. Sabia, American Journal of Public Health 104, 2369-2376] to evaluate the public mental health implications of new developments in marijuana policy, such as recreational marijuana access and additional years of data on suicide mortality. Methods. We obtained state-level suicide data from the National Vital Statistics System's Mortality Detail Files for 1999-2018. We used panel regression analysis to examine the association between suicides per 100 000 population and both medical and recreational marijuana access. Three specifications of the equation were employed as a robustness test. Results. After adjusting for economic conditions, alcohol taxes and consumption, time effects, state fixed effects, and state-specific linear time trends, the legalization of recreational marijuana was associated with a 2.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = -5.6, -.03) reduction in the suicide rate for the most rigorous specification, but didn't pass the robustness check at the P < .05 level for the other two specifications. However, recreational marijuana legalization was associated with a 5.4% reduction (95% CI = -9.4%, -1.4%) in suicide rates for males in the 40 to 49 age group, passing the robustness check for all specifications. Conclusion. Suicide rates among men in the 40 to 49 age group fell after recreational marijuana legalization compared with those in states that did not legalize, which is consistent with the results found by Anderson et al. for medical marijuana when that same population was younger. There was no consistent relationship between medical marijuana legalization and suicide rates for any population. Additionally, mental health indicators at the state level were unaffected by either recreational or medical marijuana legalization. We confirm the findings of Anderson et al. (2014), observing no consistent relationship between marijuana legalization and observable mental health outcomes. However, suicide rates increase at lower rates on average relative to other states following recreational marijuana legalization.

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Association of Depression With Past-Month Cannabis Use Among US Adults Aged 20 to 59 Years, 2005 to 2016

Cited by 48 publications

References 39 publications

Associations of Suicidality Trends With Cannabis Use as a Function of Sex and Depression Status

Associations of Suicidality Trends With Cannabis Use as a Function of Sex and Depression Status

The Association between Recent Cannabis Use and Suicidal Ideation in Adults: A Population-based Analysis of the NHANES from 2005 to 2018

Effect of cannabis liberalization on suicide and mental illness following recreational access: a state-level longitudinal analysis in the USA

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