Association of dietary patterns with depressive symptoms in Chinese postmenopausal women

Abstract

Many components in diet have regulated oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction and even balance oestrogen levels. Because these factors are closely associated with depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women, it is considered that dietary factors are able to prevent and control depressive symptoms. On the other hand, a dietary pattern that considers the correlations and synergies between foods and nutrients is expected to have a greater impact on disease risk. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether dietary patterns are associated with depressive symptoms in Chinese postmenopausal women. A cross-sectional study of 2051 postmenopausal women (mean age: 58·8 (sd 7·4) years) was conducted in Tianjin, China. Dietary consumption was assessed by a valid self-administered FFQ. Principal component analysis was used to derive three major dietary patterns: ‘healthy’, ‘sweets’ and ‘traditional Tianjin’ from eighty-eight food items. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, and cut-off point of 48 indicating serious depressive symptoms. The association between quartile of dietary patterns and depressive symptoms was assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis. The multivariable-adjusted OR of having depressive symptoms for increasing quartile of dietary patterns were as follows: healthy, 1·00, 0·79 (95 % CI 0·49, 1·28), 0·62 (95 % CI 0·37, 1·04) and 0·57 (95 % CI 0·33, 0·97); sweets, 1·00, 0·75 (95 % CI 0·42, 1·3), 1·08 (95 % CI 0·64, 1·81) and 1·66 (95 % CI 1·03, 2·71); and traditional Tianjin, 1·00, 1·02 (95 % CI 0·58, 1·79), 0·96 (95 % CI 0·54, 1·71) and 2·53 (95 % CI 1·58, 4·16), respectively. The present study demonstrated that a healthy dietary pattern was inversely associated with depressive symptoms. On the contrary, greater adherence to sweets and traditional Tianjin dietary patterns was associated with a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms.

Relationship Between Dietary Patterns and Carotid Atherosclerosis Among People Aged 50 Years or Older: A Population-Based Study in China

“…This is the first study investigating how the dietary patterns derived by exploratory factor analysis are related to the CA in Chinese adults. These three dietary patterns were similar to those from other TCLSIH studies ( 28 , 29 ). The results suggested that greater adherence to the sweets dietary pattern was positively related to CA in women aged 50 or older, whereas no relationships were observed between dietary patterns and CA in men.…”

Prevalence and associated factors of depression in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Fifty studies [ 33 – 82 ]provided prevalence ratios. Among them, 22 studies [ 35 , 37 , 43 , 46 – 48 , 52 , 57 – 59 , 62 , 63 , 67 , 68 , 72 , 76 – 82 ] provided odds ratios between the factors and depression among postmenopausal women. In the meta-analysis, 44 studies [ 33 – 76 ] were cross-sectional, and 6 studies [ 77 – 82 ] were cohort studies.…”

“…Specifically, 52 reports from 50 studies were included, with eight were conducted in China [ 36 , 52 , 53 , 59 , 62 , 69 , 70 , 76 ], seven in the USA [ 33 , 34 , 46 , 75 , 77 , 79 , 82 ], seven in Korea [ 36 , 47 , 48 , 55 , 57 , 58 , 67 ], six in Poland [ 38 , 40 , 44 , 50 , 51 , 66 ], six in Iran [ 45 , 49 , 54 , 64 , 65 , 68 ], five in India [ 41 , 56 , 60 , 61 , 71 ], four in Turkey [ 35 , 37 , 63 , 73 ], two in Australia [ 39 , 78 ], two in France [ 80 , 81 ], one in Japan [ 36 ], one in Spain [ 42 ], one in Greece [ 72 ], one in Jordan [ 74 ], and one in several Mediterranean islands [ 43 ]. The measurement of depression was evaluated by a validated self-report screening instrument or diagnosed by a physician.…”

“…Of all studies,11 studies [ 39 , 47 , 52 , 53 , 59 , 62 , 76 , 78 – 80 , 82 ]scored high quality, 30 studies [ 33 , 34 , 37 , 38 , 43 – 46 , 48 , 49 , 51 , 54 – 58 , 60 , 63 – 65 , 67 – 74 , 77 , 81 ]had moderate quality, and 9 studies [ 35 , 36 , 40 – 42 , 50 , 61 , 66 , 75 ]had low quality. The quality score (Additional file 4 ) is presented in the additional file.…”

“…According to the 52 reports on the prevalence of postmenopausal depression, the pooled prevalence of depression in developing countries [ 35 – 38 , 40 , 41 , 44 , 45 , 49 – 54 , 56 , 59 – 66 , 68 – 71 , 73 , 74 , 76 ] (37.30%, 95% CI: 29.60–44.90) is higher than that in developed countries [ 33 , 34 , 36 , 39 , 42 , 43 , 46 – 48 , 55 , 57 , 58 , 67 , 72 , 75 , 77 – 82 ] (15.90%, 95% CI: 13.30–18.60). In addition, in cohort studies [ 77 – 82 ], the prevalence of depression (13.80%, 95% CI: 10.60–17.00) was lower than that in cross-sectional studies [ 33 – 76 ] (30.00%, 95% CI: 27.50–32.40).…”