The purpose of this study is to identify factors related to nutritional risk in the elderly. A secondary analysis was conducted on data from 9,920 people who responded directly to the survey conducted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs from September to November, 2020. The participants in the survey on the elderly aged 65 years or older. Descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation, weighted multiple regression analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis were conducted on the research data using IBM SPSS 23.0. The research results are as following. Out of the subjects, 28.9% were elderly people at nutritional risk, and among them, those at high nutritional risk were 32.1%, or 9.3% of the total study subjects. The factor that most influenced the nutritional risk of the elderly was more chronic diseases(β=0.17, p<0.001), dependent ADL/IADL(β=0.13, p<0.001), and the elderly living in single-person households(β=0.13, p<0.001). Accordingly, we identified factors related to nutritional risk according to ADL/IADL dependence, which has the higher nutritional risk relationship. Among those dependent on ADL/IADL, the nutritional risk was 3.07 times higher for single-person households, 1.64 times higher for senior citizen restaurant users, 1.59 times higher for couple households, and 1.53 times higher for those with a daily helper. Based on these results, this study concluded that, in particular, to reduce the nutritional risk of dependent ADL/IADL elderly people, periodic observation of nutritional status of single-person households, couple households, and elderly people using senior citizen restaurants, regular health checkups, and continuous nutritional management programs for each chronic disease were conducted. It shows that balanced nutritional intake and health management education are needed for the elderly and their helpers.