Association of different doses of curcumin with preadipocyte-adipocyte differentiation and inflammatory status

Abstract

Human adipose tissue is involved in fat storage and also plays a role in the immune response. Curcumin (CUR), a natural polyphenol is suggested to supress adipocyte differentiation in the early stage by inhibiting secretion of some regulators and the inflammatory cytokines and by activating the secretion of antiinflammatory cytokines. Our aim in this research was to examine the molecular pathways of the inhibitory effects of different doses of curcumin (0.5 µM, 5 µM, 10 µM, 20 µM, 50 µM) on the preadipocyte-adipocyte differentiation and the anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin for preventing adipocyte related oxidative and inflammatory status. Differentiation of cells was performed using Oil red O, mRNA expression levels of adiponectin, CCAAT/enhancer binding proteinα (C/EBPα), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, Nuclear Factor kappa B1 (NFκB1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor1 (TRPV1), uncoupling protein2 (UCP2), vasculer endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor I (VEGF-RI), VEGF-RII were evaluated in preadipocytes and adipocytes. Curcumin suppressed the differentiation of preadipocyte to adipocytes, decreased the release of proinflammatory cytokines, but it did this by regulating C/EBPα and PPARγ gene expressions outside the NF-κB pathway. Curcumin effectively suppressed adipogenic transcription factors and also adipocyte differentiation at all doses between 0.5–50 µM, but showed its anti-inflammatory effect especially in the application of curcumin of 50 µM.

Harnessing the Power of Polyphenols: A New Frontier in Disease Prevention and Therapy

“…Furthermore, compared to obese mice fed a high-fat diet, animals that received curcumin supplements had smaller adipocytes, showed less macrophage infiltration in their adipose tissue, and exhibited lower expressions of various pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage markers, such as CD11c, CD38, and CD80 [ 247 ]. In addition, research has shown that curcumin can inhibit NF-κB activation in adipocytes by regulating the gene expressions of C/EBPα and PPARγ outside the NF-κB pathway [ 248 ]. Resveratrol inhibits inflammatory signaling through canonical NF-κB signaling pathways, as previously demonstrated in adipocyte cell lines, aligning with prior research [ 249 ].…”