Association of different <i>Candida</i> species with catheter‐related candidemia, and the potential antifungal treatments against their adhesion properties and biofilm‐forming capabilities

Zuo, Xiao-Shu; Liu, Yanan; Cai, Xuan; Zhan, Liying; Hu, Ke

doi:10.1002/jcla.23738

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In the high biofilm group, the OD values obtained by the XTT method were found to be statistically significantly higher when compared with CV. Zou et al studied the biofilm-forming capacities of various Candida species with both XTT and CV methods, showing that C. parapsilosis was the highest biofilm-forming species and that the agreement of the two methods was acceptable in other Candida species except C. tropicalis and similar to the results of our study, higher OD values were determined by the XTT method in this study as well (21).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Comparison of Crystal Violet Staining Assay and XTT Methods in the Evaluation of Biofilm Formation in Candida parapsilosis Candidemia Isolates

Doğan

Ataç

Babuççu

et al. 2021

Infect Dis Clin Microbiol

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Objective: Biofilm formation is one of the most important virulence factors of Candida species which leads to permanent infection foci by adhering to foreign materials and which are difficult to treat. Candida parapsilosis, which is one of the most common causes of candidemia in our country, is frequently isolated as a causative agent in catheterrelated infections. The most commonly used methods for evaluating the biofilm formation of Candida species are measuring cell viability with XTT (2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide) and evaluating the total biofilm mass with crystal violet (CV). The aim of this study is to evaluate the biofilm formation ability of C. parapsilosis candidemia isolates by XTT and (CV) methods and compare these methods with each other.Materials and Methods: C. parapsilosis isolates sent from various hospitals between 2015 and 2019 were included in the study retrospectively, and the species-level identification was performed using the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) The biofilm formation of the isolates was compared based on the optical density (OD) values obtained by crystal violet and XTT methods. The biofilm formation of the isolates was evaluated by categorizing them into low, medium and high biofilm groups as ± 20% according to the median value of all strains.Results: Totally, 79 C. parapsilosis candidemia isolates were included in this study and categorical compatibility between CV and XTT methods in low, medium and high biofilm groups was found as 69.6%, 60.6% and 73.9%, respectively. The OD values of the XTT method in the high biofilm group were found statistically significantly higher when compared with the values from the CV method. Conclusion:The compatibility of XTT and crystal violet methods in terms of biofilm measurement in C. parapsilosis isolates was considered acceptable, and no major variations were detected between the categories. According to these results, when evaluating the biofilm levels of C. parapsilosis isolates, high OD values obtained by the XTT method should be confirmed with the CV method.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Comparison of Crystal Violet Staining Assay and XTT Methods in the Evaluation of Biofilm Formation in Candida parapsilosis Candidemia Isolates

Doğan

Ataç

Babuççu

et al. 2021

Infect Dis Clin Microbiol

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“…This increases the probability of biofilm formation by this yeast, either alone or in combination with other Candida species or nosocomial bacteria. Attachment onto and subsequent biofilm formation on medical materials often appears to be the source of C. parapsilosis infections in patients in intensive care units or under surgical conditions [3][4][5][6]. Infections with multiple C. parapsilosis strains have also been reported [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Biofilm Formation of Non-Smooth Candida parapsilosis Correlates with Increased Incorporation of GPI-Modified Wall Adhesins

et al. 2021

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: Candida parapsilosis is among the most frequent causes of candidiasis. Clinical isolates of this species show large variations in colony morphotype, ranging from round and smooth to a variety of non-smooth irregular colony shapes. A non-smooth appearance is related to increased formation of pseudohyphae, higher capacity to form biofilms on abiotic surfaces, and invading agar. Here, we present a comprehensive study of the cell wall proteome of C. parapsilosis reference strain CDC317 and seven clinical isolates under planktonic and sessile conditions. This analysis resulted in the identification of 40 wall proteins, most of them homologs of known Candida albicans cell wall proteins, such as Gas, Crh, Bgl2, Cht2, Ecm33, Sap, Sod, Plb, Pir, Pga30, Pga59, and adhesin family members. Comparative analysis of exponentially growing and stationary phase planktonic cultures of CDC317 at 30 °C and 37 °C revealed only minor variations. However, comparison of smooth isolates to non-smooth isolates with high biofilm formation capacity showed an increase in abundance and diversity of putative wall adhesins from Als, Iff/Hyr, and Hwp families in the latter. This difference depended more strongly on strain phenotype than on the growth conditions, as it was observed in planktonic as well as biofilm cells. Thus, in the set of isolates analyzed, the high biofilm formation capacity of non-smooth C. parapsilosis isolates with elongated cellular phenotypes correlates with the increased surface expression of putative wall adhesins in accordance with their proposed cellular function.

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“…Indwelling catheters can increase the risk of fungal infections. Candida is currently the leading cause of bloodstream infections with high mortality and high morbidity ( 30 ). Candidemia is highly related to the formation of biofilms on a central venous catheter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Fungal Infections Among General Hospital Inpatients in Southwestern China: A 5-Year Retrospective Study

Wen

Yang

Dong

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundDeep fungal infection is a type of life-threatening opportunistic infection. Its incidence has been increasing in recent years. This infection can affect the prognosis of patients, prolong hospital stays and raise costs for patients and their families.ObjectiveWe aimed to understand the current situation of deep fungal infections in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and to provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of deep fungal infections.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of 528,743 cases in the hospital from 2015 to 2019, including the epidemiological characteristics, treatment and prognosis of deep fungal infections.ResultsA total of 274 cases (0.05%) with deep fungal infections were identified, accounting for 0.05% of the total number of hospitalizations. The incidence of deep fungal infections in the hospital showed an increasing trend from 2015 to 2019. The most commonly infected site was the respiratory tract (93.07%). Among patients with deep fungal infections, 266 specimens were positive for fungal culture, by which 161 cultured Candida albicans (C. albicans), accounting for 60.53%, the main pathogen causing deep fungal infection. From 2015 to 2019, the percentage of C. albicans cases showed a downward trend, while that of non-C. albicans showed an opposite trend. Antibiotics were the most common predisposing factor for deep fungal infections (97.45%). Among the underlying diseases of patients with deep fungal infections, infectious diseases (59.49%) were the most common. Those with underlying diseases such as renal insufficiency and neurological diseases had a worse prognosis. Indwelling catheters, nervous system disease and tumors were risk factors for a poor prognosis.ConclusionsWe report for the first time the epidemiological data of deep fungal infections in a general hospital in southwestern China from 2015 to 2019. In the past 5 years, the number of patients with deep fungal infections in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University has been increasing. Although the clinical data are limited, these results can provide references for the diagnosis and treatment of deep fungal infections.

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Association of different Candida species with catheter‐related candidemia, and the potential antifungal treatments against their adhesion properties and biofilm‐forming capabilities

Cited by 21 publications

References 54 publications

Comparison of Crystal Violet Staining Assay and XTT Methods in the Evaluation of Biofilm Formation in Candida parapsilosis Candidemia Isolates

Comparison of Crystal Violet Staining Assay and XTT Methods in the Evaluation of Biofilm Formation in Candida parapsilosis Candidemia Isolates

High Biofilm Formation of Non-Smooth Candida parapsilosis Correlates with Increased Incorporation of GPI-Modified Wall Adhesins

Deep Fungal Infections Among General Hospital Inpatients in Southwestern China: A 5-Year Retrospective Study

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