Association of Epidermal Biophysical Properties with Obesity and Its Implications

Abstract

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Obesity is a condition defined by an excess amount of body fat, with body mass index (BMI) of 30 and higher. It is associated with a number of other medical conditions, including insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as dyslipidemia, and it is also associated with several cutaneous disorders such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, intertriginous dermatitis, acanthosis nigricans and skin infections. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Evidence suggests a link between obesity and epidermal dysfunction. Generally, individuals with obesity display higher transepidermal water loss rate and lower stratum corneum hydration levels, although no association of obesity with epidermal dysfunction has been documented. Results of skin surface pH are controversial. But study demonstrated a positive correlation of BMI with skin surface pH on both the forearm and the shin in males, suggesting that the changes in epidermal function vary with gender in individuals with obesity. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> This review summarizes the association between obesity and epidermal function, and discusses possible underlying mechanisms. Individuals with obesity exhibit poor epidermal permeability barrier and lower stratum corneum hydration levels. Because of the pathogenic role of compromised epidermal function in inflammation, which is also linked to obesity, improvement in epidermal function could benefit individuals with obesity, particularly those with abnormalities in epidermal function.

Interplay between diabetes mellitus and atopic dermatitis

“…Previous studies showed that compromised epidermal function can increase and/or exacerbate cutaneous inflammation, while cutaneous inflammation can result in systemic inflammation. 117,118 Because of the pathogenic role of inflammation in diabetes mellitus, approaches that improve epidermal function, including epidermal permeability barrier, stratum corneum hydration and skin surface pH, can possibly attenuate diabetes mellitus. 116 The beneficial effects of T1DM on AD have been demonstrated in several studies.…”