Association of Epstein–Barr virus, cytomegalovirus and lipocalin with periodontitis in type 2 diabetic subjects

Mahendra, Jaideep; Mahendra, Little; divya, Dhana; Ilango, Paavai; Nalini, D.; Abirami, T

doi:10.1111/odi.14091

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Similar to other studies, we did not nd an association between plaque control scores and periodontal pocket depth in CMV positive patients (Table 4), regardless of the higher prevalence of this herpesvirus observed in periodontal patients [51]. Whereas several studies have reported a high prevalence of EBV [18][19][20]22] and CMV [52,53] associated to an increased risk of periodontitis. Although the potential herpesviral-bacterial coinfection has not been completely elucidated, their synergistic interaction is becoming increasingly supported by a body of evidence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus and Cytomegalovirus in patients with periodontitis: a case-control study.

Darbinyan,

Herrero-Sánchez

2024

Preprint

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Background: Opportunistic viruses such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) have been detected in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva of patients with periodontal disease (PD). However, the relationship between herpesviruses and PD etiology and progression remains obscure. The aim of this case-control study was the detection and association of CMV and EBV with PD. Material and methods: Forty-eight adults were included in this study: twenty-four patients with periodontitis and twenty-four periodontally healthy individuals. All patients underwent periodontal examination including probing depth, clinical attachment loss, plaque index, and bleeding on probing. Subgingival biofilms samples were collected from all patients and real-time PCR were performed for viral and bacterial detection. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated, and the chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test was performed to analyse the significant differences. Results: EBV was detected only in one healthy patient meanwhile no CMV was found. With exception of A.Actinomycetemcomitans, P.gingivalis, T. forsythia, P. intermedia and T.denticola showed a higher detection rate (p< 0.001) in periodontal sites. Conclusion: the present case-control study showed that the prevalence of EBV and CMV did not show significant differences in the groups evaluated in the Spanish population. Clinical Relevance: in this specific population, EBC and CMV does not seem to play a role in the aetiology of periodontitis, hence,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus and Cytomegalovirus in patients with periodontitis: a case-control study.

Darbinyan,

Herrero-Sánchez

2024

Preprint

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Lipocalin‐2 as a fundamental protein in type 2 diabetes and periodontitis in mice

Sólis‐Suarez,

Cifuentes‐Mendiola,

González‐Alva

et al. 2024

Journal of Periodontology

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BackgroundLipocalin‐2 (LCN‐2) is an osteokine that suppresses appetite, stimulates insulin secretion, regulates bone remodeling, and is induced by proinflammatory cytokines. The aim of this work was to investigate the participation of LCN‐2 in periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) by evaluating alveolar bone loss, glycemic control, inflammation, and femur fragility.MethodsA murine model of periodontitis with T2D and elevated LCN‐2 concentration was used. Functional LCN‐2 inhibition was achieved using an anti‐LCN‐2 polyclonal antibody, and isotype immunoglobulin G was used as a control. The alveolar bone and femur were evaluated by micro‐CT. Glucose metabolism was determined. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF‐α) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐B ligand (RANKL) levels in alveolar bone lysates were quantified using ELISA, and serum cytokines were quantified using flow cytometry. A three‐point bending test was performed in the femur, and RANKL levels were measured in femur lysates using ELISA.ResultsFunctional inhibition of LCN‐2 in T2D–periodontitis mice decreased alveolar bone loss in buccal and palatal surfaces and preserved the microarchitecture of the remaining bone, decreased TNF‐α and RANKL in alveolar bone, reduced hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance, and increased insulin production through improving the functionality of pancreatic β cells. Furthermore, this inhibition increased serum free‐glycerol levels, decreased serum interleukin (IL)‐6, increased serum IL‐4, and reduced femur fragility and RANKL expression in the femur.ConclusionsLCN‐2 participates in periodontitis associated with T2D. Inhibiting its function in mice with T2D and periodontitis improves pancreatic β‐cell function, and glucose metabolism and decreases inflammatory cytokines and bone‐RANKL levels, which results in the preservation of femoral and alveolar bone microarchitecture.Plain Language SummaryIn this study, we explored the role of a bone protein known as lipocalin‐2 (LCN‐2) in the connection between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Periodontitis is a destructive gum and alveolar bone disease. LCN‐2 levels are increased in both T2D and periodontitis.Using a mouse model of T2D with periodontitis, we examined how blocking LCN‐2 function affected various aspects of these two diseases. We found that this inhibition led to significant improvements. First, it reduced alveolar bone loss and preserved bone structure by decreasing local inflammation and bone resorption. Second, it improved glucose and lipid metabolism, leading to better blood‐sugar control and decreased insulin resistance. Blocking the functions of LCN‐2 also decreased systemic inflammation throughout the body and strengthened bone integrity.Overall, our results suggest that LCN‐2 plays a crucial role in the periodontitis associated with T2D. By inhibiting LCN‐2 function, we were able to improve pancreatic function, improve glucose metabolism, reduce inflammation, and enhance bone health. Targeting LCN‐2 could be a promising strategy for the harmful effects of T2D and periodontitis.

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Diabetes can increase the prevalence of EBV infection and worsen the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Midorikawa,

Mizukami,

Kudoh

et al. 2024

Pathology

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Association of Epstein–Barr virus, cytomegalovirus and lipocalin with periodontitis in type 2 diabetic subjects

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus and Cytomegalovirus in patients with periodontitis: a case-control study.

Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus and Cytomegalovirus in patients with periodontitis: a case-control study.

Lipocalin‐2 as a fundamental protein in type 2 diabetes and periodontitis in mice

Diabetes can increase the prevalence of EBV infection and worsen the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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