Association of gut microbiome with fasting triglycerides, fasting insulin and obesity status in Mexican children

Abstract

Summary Background The association of gut microbiota with obesity and its cardio‐metabolic complications in paediatric populations is still controversial. Objective We investigated the association of obesity and cardio‐metabolic traits with gut microbiota on 167 and 163 children with normal weight and obesity from Mexico City and Oaxaca, Mexico. Methods Anthropometric and biochemical traits were measured. The microbial communities were determined by high‐throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene v3‐v4 region. Results The gut microbial community structure was associated with obesity and fasting plasma insulin (FPI) in Mexico City (PObesity = 0.012, PFPI = 0.0003) and Oaxaca (PObesity = 0.034, PFPI = 0.016), and with triglycerides (TG) in Oaxaca (P = .0002). The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was positively associated with TG in Oaxaca (P = .003). Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla were positively and negatively associated with obesity (Mexico City: PFirmicutes = 0.013, PBacteroidetes = 0.009) and TG (Oaxaca: PFirmicutes = 0.002, PBacteroidetes = 0.004). In Oaxaca, Verrucomicrobia was negatively associated with obesity (P = .004). In Mexico City, the bacterial genus Fusicatenibacter, Romboutsia, Ruminococcaceae, Ruminiclostridium, Blautia, Clostridium, Anaerostipes and Intestinibacter were associated with obesity and FPI, while in Oaxaca, Bacteroides, Alistipes and Clostridium were associated with TG. Conclusion The gut microbial community structure in children is associated with obesity and FPI in Mexico City, and with obesity, FPI and TG in Oaxaca.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy induce substantial and persistent changes in microbial communities and metabolic pathways

“…Further, depletion of Romboutsia correlated with weight loss and decreased insulin resistance, a finding which has been previously described. 23 , 24 Other works have linked Romboutsia to glycerophospholipids, which have been implicated in obesity-induced fatty liver disease. 25 Together, these findings suggest a role for Romboutsia in the modulatory effects of RYGB on glycerophospholipids.…”

The Influence of Cesarean Section on the Composition and Development of Gut Microbiota During the First 3 Months of Life

“…High F/B ratio in CS delivery infants may help explain why Mexico that had one of the highest global average annual rate increases in CS led the world in childhood obesity, which may be associated with the high F/B ratio in CS delivery infants. Also, another recent study from Mexico demonstrated that Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla were positively and negatively associated with obesity, respectively ( Vazquez-Moreno et al, 2020 ). By intensively monitoring the F/B ratio at 9 time points, the CS group had a permanently higher F/B ratio than the VD group that might provide crucial evidence for the causality of high F/B ratio in the first 3 months of life and the obesity in the later life.…”

Gut microbiota associations with metabolic syndrome and relevance of its study in pediatric subjects

“…Moreover, studies in Mexican children showed that Ruminococcaceae UCG-002 was present in normal weighted individuals and appeared to be negatively associated with obesity but positively associated with fasting plasma insulin, highlighting the relevance of studying the role of the gut microbiota in human intermediate metabolism. 77 …”