Association of higher plasma leptin levels with HOMA-IR index, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and glycolipid metabolism in patients with chronic schizophrenia: A multi-center cross-sectional study

Abstract

BackgroundPrevious research has revealed that plasma leptin levels were closely related to glycolipid metabolism in schizophrenic patients. Insulin resistance (IR) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were involved in glucolipid metabolism disorders. This study explored the correlation between plasma higher leptin levels, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, hs-CRP and glycolipid metabolism in patients with chronic schizophrenia (CS).Methods322 subjects were enrolled, and the psychopathological symptoms of each patient were assessed by a 30-item Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS−30). Patients' plasma leptin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were determined by oxidase method. Insulin levels were tested by electrochemiluminescence, and hs-CRP levels were tested by immunoturbidimetry. IBM SPSS 22.0 was used for data analysis.ResultsCompared to the lower leptin group, patients in the higher leptin group had significantly higher body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), insulin, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP levels; and lower negative factor scores, cognitive factor scores, and PANSS total scores (P < 0.05). Plasma leptin levels in CS patients were positively correlated with BMI, TC, TG, LDL-C, insulin, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP levels, and were negatively correlated with gender (male = 1, Female = 2), positive factor scores, negative factor scores, cognitive factor scores and PANSS total scores. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that gender, BMI, positive factor scores, PANSS total scores, FBG, LDL-C, insulin, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP levels were independent influencing factors of leptin levels in CS patients (P < 0.05).ConclusionGender, BMI, positive factor scores, PANSS total scores, FBG, LDL-C, insulin, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP levels were independent influencing factors of plasma leptin levels in CS patients. Plasma leptin, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP levels should be measured regularly in CS patients to prevent or treat the disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism comorbidity with schizophrenia patients in clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Alzheimer's disease‐related brain insulin resistance and the prospective therapeutic impact of metformin

“…Our findings indicated that brain insulin resistance not only affects mental function but also affects other vital organs and systems, such as elevations in liver and kidney functions through changes in lipid and ions levels. The current finding completely in line with previous study, which showed a positive correlation between high sensitivity C‐reactive protein, TG, and HOMA IR in schizophrenic patients 59 …”

“…The current finding completely in line with previous study, which showed a positive correlation between high sensitivity C-reactive protein, TG, and HOMA IR in schizophrenic patients. 59 Furthermore, insulin resistance was accompanied by diminishing in the insulin signaling pathway, which further increased hepatic glucose and production of lipid that cause lipotoxicity. 60,61 In subject of insulin resistance, hepatic uptake of VLDL and LDL is decreased, resulting in increased residence time of these lipoproteins in the plasma.…”