Association of human T lymphotropic virus type III antibodies with sexual and other behaviors in a cohort of homosexual men from Boston with and without generalized lymphadenopathy

Mayer, Kenneth H.; Ayotte, David; Groopman, Jerome E.; Stoddard, Anne M.; Sarngadharan, M. G.; Gallo, Robert C.

doi:10.1016/0002-9343(86)90706-0

Cited by 62 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Ten homosexual HIV-1-infected males (average age 33.4 years) were selected from an ongoing study of the natural history of HIV-1 infection at the Fenway Community Health Center [21]. They were selected in a double-blind manner and were at an early stage of disease without a clinically significant decrease in CD4+ cell count.…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysregulation of interleukin‐7 receptor may generate loss of cytotoxic T cell response in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection

et al. 1994

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Virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) play a crucial role in modulating an immune response against human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) infection. The generation of effector cytotoxic cells from CTL precursors involves intricate interactions with antigen via T cell receptors (TcR) and soluble cytokines. Interleukin (IL)-7 can affect T cell maturation and differentiation. Here we report on a group of five HIV-1-positive individuals who tested negative for env- and gag-specific CTL activity. When exogenous recombinant human IL-7 was added as a stimulus to the cultures, none (0/5) of the CTL-negative individuals exhibited a CTL response. Individuals that were negative for HIV-1-specific CTL activity were found to lack IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) on CD8+ cells with a comparable reduction on CD4+ cells. Increased shedding of IL-7R in the culture supernatant was observed. A significant reduction in receptor number was detected by binding of 125I-labeled IL-7 and Scatchard analysis. The lack of IL-7R is probably not due to endogenous IL-7, since it was not detectable in the culture supernatants of the patients studied. HIV-1 proteins may cause down-modulation of IL-7R expression, either by producing an insufficient number of molecules or by rapid decay of IL-7R on T cells. These changes may alter the cells' capability to respond to the IL-7 growth signal, resulting in CTL failure and subsequent mishandling of the virus.

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Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysregulation of interleukin‐7 receptor may generate loss of cytotoxic T cell response in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection

et al. 1994

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“…Soon after the onset of the HIV epidemic in homosexually active men, unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) was identified as the main mode of HIV acquisition [1–3]. In response, gay communities in developed countries embraced the concept of ‘safe sex’, and there were dramatic reductions in UAI [4–7] and HIV transmission [8–10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unprotected anal intercourse, risk reduction behaviours, and subsequent HIV infection in a cohort of homosexual men

Jin

Crawford

Prestage

et al. 2009

Aids

214

203

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Objective-A range of risk reduction behaviours in which homosexual men practise unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) has been described. We aimed to assess the extent of any reduction in HIV risk associated with these behaviours.Design-A prospective cohort study of HIV-negative homosexual men in Sydney, Australia. Methods-Men were followed up with 6-monthly detailed behavioural interviews and annual testing for HIV. The four risk reduction behaviours (behaviourally defined) examined were serosorting, negotiated safety, strategic positioning, and withdrawal during receptive UAI (UAI-R).Results-In 88% of follow-up periods in which UAI was reported, it occurred in the context of consistent risk reduction behaviours. Compared with those who reported no UAI, the risk of HIV infection was not raised in negotiated safety [hazard ratio = 1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.59-4.76] and strategic positioning (hazard ratio = 1.54, 95% CI 0.45-5.26). Serosorting outside negotiated safety was associated with an intermediate rate of HIV infection (hazard ratio = 3.11, 95% CI 1.09-8.88). Withdrawal was associated with a higher risk than no UAI (hazard ratio = 5.00, 95% CI 1.94-12.92). Patterns of UAI differed greatly according to partner's serostatus. Men who reported serosorting were less likely to report either strategic positioning or withdrawal.Conclusion-Each behaviour examined was associated with an intermediate HIV incidence between the lowest and highest risk sexual behaviours. The inverse association between individual behaviours suggests that men who practise serosorting rely on this protection. The high prevalence of these behaviours demands that researchers address the contexts and risks associated with specific types of UAI.

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“…Transmission of HIV-1 commonly occurs through the rectal mucosa during rectal intercourse [1,2] or through the cervicovaginal mucosa during heterosexual intercourse [3,4]. The mechanism of transmission is not clear, especially the nature of cell surface receptors involved in HIV binding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the complement receptor 3 (CD11b/CD18) in human rectal epithelium

Hussain

Kelly

Rodin

et al. 1995

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARY Rectal and cervicovaginal mucosa are common routes of transmission of HIV, although the mechanism of transmission is unknown. We have investigated human rectal and cervicovaginal epithelia for the expression of complement receptors (CR) and cell adhesion molecules which may be involved in HIV and other infections. In rectal mucosa, CR3 was detected in the surface and crypt epithelial cells by immunohistology, using MoAbs to CD18 and CD11b in 10 out of 15 specimens. RNA transcripts encoding both CD11b and CD18 were also demonstrated in surface and crypt epithelial cells by in situ hybridization. Although CD11b was detected in the epithelial cells in three out of the 14 cervicovaginal specimens, we were unable to detect CD 18. We suggest that expression of the CD11b/CD18 heterodimer might facilitate transmission of HIV by enhancing binding of HIV–antibody complexes in seminal fluid to epithelial cells. Alternatively, since intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) is a receptor for CD11b/CD18, this may promote adhesion between epithelial cells and HIV‐infected mononuclear cells in seminal fluid.

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Association of human T lymphotropic virus type III antibodies with sexual and other behaviors in a cohort of homosexual men from Boston with and without generalized lymphadenopathy

Cited by 62 publications

References 21 publications

Dysregulation of interleukin‐7 receptor may generate loss of cytotoxic T cell response in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection

Dysregulation of interleukin‐7 receptor may generate loss of cytotoxic T cell response in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection

Unprotected anal intercourse, risk reduction behaviours, and subsequent HIV infection in a cohort of homosexual men

Investigation of the complement receptor 3 (CD11b/CD18) in human rectal epithelium

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