Association of SOX2 and Nestin DNA amplification and protein expression with clinical features and overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Up to now, the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is poor. With progress of cancer biology, a number of genes have been investigated for predicting prognosis of NSCLC, such as cancer stem cell markers SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2) and Nestin. Recently, a series of studies have been performed to examine the associations of SOX2 and Nestin with clinical parameters and prognosis in NSCLC, however, the results were not consistent. In the present study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the associations. Four English databases (PubMed, ISI web of science, Embase, and Ovid) were used to search the relevant studies with the last date of November 10, 2015. The pooling analyses were stratified by DNA amplification and protein expression. The pooling ORs or HRs were used to assess the strength of the associations. Finally, we included 19 articles for SOX2 and six articles for Nestin according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pooling analyses revealed that there were significant associations between SOX2 DNA amplification and clinical features of NSCLC, gender, smoking status, squamous cell cancer (SCC) histology, and differentiations. And significant associations were also identified between SOX2 protein expression and clinical parameters, smoking status and SCC histology. For Nestin, its protein expression was correlated with lymph node metastasis and stage. Simultaneously, we found that high/positive SOX2 alterations, either DNA amplification or protein expression, were favorable for overall survival (OS) in NSCLC. On the contrary, high/positive Nestin protein expression was poor for OS.

Nestin expression in primary and metastatic uveal melanoma – possible biomarker for high‐risk uveal melanoma

“…It was observed to be a marker for neural stem and progenitor cells; thus, it was named nestin: neural stem cell protein. Furthermore, it has been proposed that nestin expression correlates with a poor prognosis in malignancies, such as glioblastoma, lung and renal carcinoma, sarcoma and skin melanoma (Piras et al 2010;Cros et al 2016;Guadagno et al 2016;Li et al 2016;Zambo et al 2016). Nestin was recently classified as a CSC marker found in various tumours of neuroectodermal or mesenchymal origin arising in the brain, oropharynx, pancreas, kidney and muscle (Krupkova et al 2010).…”

“…Nestin was recently classified as a CSC marker found in various tumours of neuroectodermal or mesenchymal origin arising in the brain, oropharynx, pancreas, kidney and muscle (Krupkova et al 2010). Furthermore, it has been proposed that nestin expression correlates with a poor prognosis in malignancies, such as glioblastoma, lung and renal carcinoma, sarcoma and skin melanoma (Piras et al 2010;Cros et al 2016;Guadagno et al 2016;Li et al 2016;Zambo et al 2016). In the latter, nestin expression was associated with more advanced tumour stages and predicted poor survival (Brychtova et al 2007;Piras et al 2010).…”

Clinical significance of CD133 and Nestin in astrocytic tumor: The correlation with pathological grade and survival

“…For instances, overexpression of CD133 confers poor prognosis in invasive breast cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, etc . In addition, the negative impact of Nestin on survival has also been observed in lung cancer, esophageal squamous cancer, bladder cancer, etc . Whereas in astrocytic tumor, the tumor of the central nervous system, the effects of CD133 and Nestin on prognosis are only discovered in a small volume of literatures .…”

“…[21][22][23] In addition, the negative impact of Nestin on survival has also been observed in lung cancer, esophageal squamous cancer, bladder cancer, etc. [24][25][26] Whereas in astrocytic tumor, the tumor of the central nervous system, the effects of CD133 and Nestin on prognosis are only discovered in a small volume of literatures. 18,19 Therefore, this present study recruited relatively more patients with astrocytic tumor compared with the previous literatures and aimed to further validate the clinical relevance of CD133 and Nestin in astrocytic tumor regarding their impact on survival.…”

Increased NG2 and SOX2 expression is associated with high-grade choroid plexus tumors

“…To the best of our knowledge there are no previous studies investigating NG2 or SOX2 expression levels in CPTs but they have been previously associated with cancer development (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). Increased expression of NG2 has been demonstrated in a variety of head and neck cancers, glioma and pituitary cells (15)(16)(17)(18).…”